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I  NEW  YORK -CINCINNATI -CHICAGO  g 
AMERICAN    -    BOOK   ~    COMPANY  | 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA 


FROM    THE    LIBRARY    OF 

PROFESSOR  FELICIEN  VICTOR  PAGET 

BY  BEQUEST  OF  MADAME  PAG.ET 
NO. 


F*£,  0 


COMPLIMENTS 

AMERICAN  BOOK  CO. 

A.  F.  QUNN,  Gen'l  Ag% 

2O4   PINE  STREET, 
SAN   FRANCISCO. 


INTRODUCTORY 


FRENCH  PROSE  COMPOSITION 


BY 

VICTOR   E.    FRANCOIS 

INSTRUCTOR  IN   FRENCH  IN  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF  MICHIGAN 


NEW  YORK  • :  •  CINCINNATI .  :•  CHICAGO 

AMERICAN    BOOK    COMPANY 


COPYRIGHT,  1899,  BY 
V.  E.  FRANCOIS. 


INTROD.  FRENCH  PROSE  COMP. 
W.    P.  3 


PREFACE 


THIS  book  is  supposed  to  be  used  with  students  who 
have  already  gained  some  knowledge  of  French  grammar; 
that  is  to  say,  after  the  first  year  in  the  high  school  or 
the  first  semester  in  college,  although  it  may  be  employed 
sooner  with  satisfactory  results. 

It  may  be  advisable,  in  the  interests  of  young  teachers, 
to  say  a  few  words  of  the  method  to  be  pursued  with  this 
book.  First,  it  will' be  noticed  that  any  grammar  may  be 
referred  to.  Suppose  the  teacher  assigns  the  first  exercise 
for  the  next  day.  At  the  beginning,  he  may  indicate  the 
paragraphs  to  be  reviewed,  but  the  student  himself  may, 
at  all  times,  find  them  in  the  table  of  contents  of  his  gram- 
mar. The  day  the  teacher  gives  out  the  lesson,  he  should 
read  aloud  the  French  text  and  have  the  students  repeat 
it  after  him,  in  order  to  be  sure  that  they  know  the  cor- 
rect pronunciation  of  every  word.  At  home,  they  must 
prepare  aloud  the  transposition  and  questions  with  an- 
swers and  write  out  the  exercise  on  Grammar  and  the 
translation. 

Transposition.  —  The  second  lesson  is  to  begin  with 
transposition,  which  will  be  found  the  best  possible  exer- 
cise for  the  quick  and  intelligent  mastering  of  French 
yerbs.  The  teacher  assigns  different  forms  to  different 
students.  He  himself  reads  the  French  text,  sentence 

3 


4  PREFACE 

after  sentence,  the  students  repeating  it  after  him  with  ail 
the  required  changes.  For  example :  — 

The  Teacher:  Mme.  S.  compte  visiter  1' Europe  1'ete  pro- 
chain. 

Student  No.  I  :   Comptes-tu  visiter  1' Europe  1'ete  prochain  ? 

Student  No.  2  :  Oui,  je  compte  visiter  1'Europe  1'ete  pro- 
chain. 

Student  No.  3  :  Comptez-vous  visiter  1' Europe  1'ete  pro- 
chain  ? 

Student  No.  4 :  Oui,  nous  comptons  visiter  T Europe  1'ete 
prochain. 

Student  No.  5  :  Comptent-ils  visiter  1' Europe  1'ete  pro- 
chain  ? 

Student  No.  6:  Oui,  ils  comptent  visiter  1'Europe  1'ete 
prochain. 

and  so  on  with  every  sentence.  The  other  students  may 
be  requested  to  correct  their  classmates'  mistakes. 

Questions.  —  At  the  start,  the  teacher  himself  will  ask 
the  questions,  but  soon  he  may  select  a  student  to  do 
it.  The  teacher  ought  to  be  careful  to  require  a  full 
answer  to  every  question  and,  after  the  fifth  exercise,  to 
oblige  his  scholars  to  use  personal  pronouns  as  subjects 
and  objects  as  often  as  possible.  Of  course  all  books 
should  be  put  aside.  When  Part  II.  is  reached,  the 
students  may  be  asked  to  form  questions  themselves. 

Grammar  Drill.  —  This  work  must  be  done  with  the 
help  of  the  grammar,  after  a  thorough  review  of  the  sub- 
jects indicated  at  the  head  of  the  French  text. 

Translation. — The  student  is  now  expected  to  know 
the  equivalents  of  words,  forms,  and  idioms  which  will  be 


PREFACE  5 

met  with  in  this  part.  Therefore,  he  should  never  write 
out  his  translation  before  he  has  been  carefully  through 
the  preceding  parts  of  the  exercise.  To  prevent  this,  some 
teachers  may  find  it  wiser  to  have  the  transposition  work 
and  the  answers  to  the  questions  written  out  The  cor- 
rection of  written  exercises  may  be  made  in  class  on  the. 
blackboard  or  at  home  by  the  teacher.  He  may  also, 
from  time  to  time,  dictate  his  own  translation  and  have 
the  students  spell  in  French  the  most  difficult  words.  If 
an  exercise  is  considered  too  long  for  one  lesson,  it  may 
be  easily  divided.  For  the  third  lesson,  besides  a  new 
exercise,  the  scholars  must  study  the  corrected  ^vork  and 
be  able  to  render  it  into  French  without  the  least  hesi- 
tation. Frequent  general  reviews  should  be  given,  so 
that  every  member  of  the  class  may  be  perfectly  familiar- 
ized with  all  important  words,  constructions,  and  idiomatic 
expressions. 

As  to  the  text  on  which  the  exercises  are  based,  the 
story  in  Part  II.  is  taken  from  an  Italian  grammar  by 
G.  Simler  (Frankfort  on  the  Main,  1874),  but  has  been 
considerably  shortened  and  altered  to  suit  the  purposes  of 
this  book.  The  text  of  Part  I.,  however,  which  presents 
a  systematic  review  of  the  elements  of  the  French  gram- 
mar, is  original.  The  vocabulary  which  will  be  found 
at  the  end  of  the  book  is  intended  to  contain  all  the 

French  words  used  in  both  parts. 

V.  E.  F. 


PART    I 

EN    ROUTE! 

EXERCISE   I 
1.  Text 

Formation  of  tenses, .    Present  indicative,  past  indefinite  or  perfect 

and  future  of  to  be, ;  of  to  have, ;  of  regular  verbs, . 

Definite  and  indefinite  articles, .     Feminine  and  place  of  adjec- 
tives,   .      Interrogatives,  ,  and  formation  of  questions   in 

French,  . 

Madame  S.  compte  visiter  1' Europe  1'ete  prochain.  Elle 
a  envie  de  passer  une  anne"e  en  France,  en  Angleterre,  en 
Allemagne,  en  Suisse  et  en  Italic.  Elle  desire  voyager 
par  eau  et  par  terre,  en  paquebot,  en  voiture,  en  chemin 
de  fer,  en  omnibus,  a  pied,  a  cheval  ou  a  bicyclette.  Quel 
beau  voyage!  Elle  traversera  1' Ocean  Atlantique  sur  un 
grand  bateau.  Elle  a  deja  demande  le  plan  de  La  Tou- 
raine  a  la  Compagnie  Generale  Transatlantique.  Elle  a 
Tintention  de  choisir  une  cabine  de  premiere.  Elle  a  aussi 
achete  une  malle,  une  petite  valise  et  une  belle  couverture 
de  voyage. 

2.  Transposition 

1.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  tu  and  use  the  interrogative  form. 

2.  Replace  Mme.  S.  byje  and  use  the  affirmative  form. 

3.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  vous  and  use  the  interrogative  form. 

4.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  nous  and  use  the  affirmative  form. 

5.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  Us  and  use  the  interrogative  form. 

6.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  Us  and  use  the  affirmative  form. 

7 


8  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

3.   Questions 

1.  Mme.   S.,  que  compte-t-elle  visiter? 

2.  Quand  compte-t-elle  visiter  1'Europe? 

3.  Ou  a-t-elle  envie  de  passer  une  annee  ? 

4.  Comment  desire-t-elle  voyager  ? 

5.  Quel  ocean  traversera-t-elle  ? 

6.  Qu'a-t-elle    deja    demande    a   la    Compagnie    Generate 

Transatlantique  ? 

7.  Quelle  cabine  a-t-elle  1'intention  de  choisir? 

8.  Qu'est-ce  qu'elle  a  aussi  achete  ?   or  Qu'a-t-elle  aussi 

achete  ? 

4,   Grammar  Drill 

Masculine  Singular.  —  The  trip;  the  summer;  the  rail- 
road; a  steamer;  the  omnibus;  the  foot;  a  horse;  the 
ocean ;  a  plan  ;  a  great  trip ;  the  beautiful  summer ;  the 
Atlantic  Ocea*n ;  a  fine  boat ;  a  general  plan ;  a  small 
foot ;  next  summer.  , 

Feminine  Singular. — The  land;  Europe;  Italy;  Switzer- 
land; Germany;  France;  England;  the  water;  a  carriage; 
the  bicycle;  a  company;  the  cabin  ;  a/ftunk;  x  the  year ;  a 
lap  robe;  the  intention;  the  valise;  the  Email  trunk ;  a  beau- 
tiful bicycle ;  a  large  company;  the  general  intentiorf;  next 
year, 

5.   Translation 

Do  you  intend  to  travel  ?  Yes,1  I  intend  to  travel  in 
Europe ;  I  wish  to  cross  the  Atlantic  Ocean.  What 
steamer  shall  you  take2?  It  is  my  intention3  to  ask 
the  General  Transatlantic  Company  for  the  plan  of  La 
Touraine.  La  Touraine  is  a  fine  boat.  What  cabin  shall 
you  have  ?  I  shall  choose  a  first  cabin.  When 4  you  visit 5 
Europe  next  summer,  how4  do  you  intend  to  travel,  by 


EN    ROUTE!  9 

rail  or  on  a  bicycle  ?  I  have  bought  a  beautiful  wheel, 
but6  I  have  also  a  mind  to  travel  on  horseback,  on  foot, 
in  the  omnibus,  by  rail,  and  in  a  carriage.  Shall  you 
spend  a  year  in  Europe  ?  Shall  you  visit  Switzerland  and 
Italy  ?  Yes,  I  wish  to  visit  England,  France,  Germany, 
Switzerland,  and  Italy.  What  a  great  trip !  Have  you 
already  bought  a  large  trunk  ?  No,7  I  have  chosen  a 
small  trunk,  but  I  have  bought  a  large  valise  and  a  lap 
robe. 

*   1  Oui.  3  /  have  the  intention.  6  mais. 

2  choisir.  4  See  3. 

5  Use  the  future. 


EXERCISE  II 
6.  Text 

Repetition  and  omission  of  the  definite  article, .     Plural  of  nouns, 

,  and  of  adjectives, .      Plural  of  compound  nouns, . 

Use  of  the  infinitive  after  French  prepositions,  .     Use  of  en 

and  dans, .     Peculiarity  of  verbs  ending  in  cer, . 

Quand  le  moment  de  partir  approchera,  la  servante  de 
madame  S.  placera  dans  la  malle  le  linge,  les  vetemen£s, 
les  jolies  robes,  les  manteaux,  les  bottines,  les  chapeaux, ' 
les  mouchoirs  de  dentelle,  etc.  Pour  visiter  les  pays 
etrangers,  Mme.  S.  demandera  un  passeport  avec  le  si- 
gnalement  suivant :  taille  moyenne,  visage  ovale,  teint 
frais,  cheveux  chatains,  front  haut,  sourcils  noirs,  yeux 
bleus,  nez  aquilin,  bouche  et  oreilles  petites,  etc. 

7.  Transposition 

Replace  la  servante  de  Mine.  S.  and  Mme.  S.  by  the  pronouns  je, 
tu,  nous,  vous,  and  elles :  ist,  with  the  present  indicative;  2d,  with  the 
future. 


10  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

8.  Questions 

1.  Qu'est-ce  que  la  servante  de  Mme.  S.  placera  dans  la 

malle  ?  or  la  servante  de  Mme.  S.,  que  placera-t-elle 
dans  la  malle? 

2.  Quels  pays  Mme.  S.  a-t-elle  1'intention  de  visiter  ? 

3.  Pour  visiter  les  pays  etrangers,  que  demandera-t-elle  ? 

4.  Quel  est  le  signalement  de  Mme.  S.  ? 

9.  Grammar  Drill  • 

Masculine  Singular.  —  The  linen ;  the  beautiful  cloak ; 
a  hat ;  the  small  handkerchief ;  a  foreign  country ;  the 
following  description ;  a  Roman  nose ;  the  complexion ; 
an  oval  face ;  the  forehead. 

Feminine  Singular.  —  The  maid ;  a  blue  dress ;  the 
boot ;  a  pretty  lace ;  the  height ;  a  large  mouth ;  the  ear ; 
the  large  ear ;  the  fresh  water. 

Masculine  Plural.  —  The  clothes ;  the  cloaks ;  the  lajge 
countries ;  the  beautiful  hats ;  the  omnibuses ;  the  black 
horses ;  the  eyes ;  the  hair ;  the  noses ;  the  dark-brown 
eyebrows;  the  fresh  complexions. 

Feminine  Plural.  —  The  beautiful  dresses ;  the  large 
trunks  ;  the  small  valises ;  the  pretty  bicycles ;  the  waters  ; 
the  following  carriages ;  the  foreign  laces ;  the  large  lap 
robes. 

10.  Translation 

Do  you  intend  to  travel  next  summer?  Do  you  wish  to 
visit  Europe  ?  Yes,  it  is  my  intention a  to  visit  the  foreign 
countries.  In  what  foreign  countries  do  you  intend  to 
travel?  I  have  a  mind  to  travel  in  England,  in  Germany, 
in  France,  in  Italy,  and  in  Switzerland.  I  have  chosen  a 
first  cabin  on  the  large  steamer  La  Touraine.  I  have  also 


EN   ROUTE!  II 

bought  a  trunk,  a  valise,  and  a  lap  robe.  The  maids  have 
put  the  linen  in  the  large  valise  and  in  the  trunk  the 
dresses,  fine  cloaks,  lace  handkerchiefs,  boots,  pretty  hats, 
etc.  I  have  asked  for  a  passport  with  the  following 
description:  "I  am  of  average  height;2  I  have  a  small 
mouth,3  blue  eyes,  a  high  forehead,  dark-brown  eyebrows, 
a  Roman  nose,  black  hair,  a  fresh  and  oval  face,  a  beauti- 
ful complexion,  large  ears,  small  feet,"  etc. 

1  I  have  the  intention. 

2  /  have  the  height  average. 

8  I  have  the  mouth  small,  and  so  on  with  the  rest  of  the  exercise. 


EXERCISE   III 
11.   Text 

Present  indicative,  past  indefinite,  and  future  of  recevoir, .  Pos- 
sessive  adjectives,   .      Translation   of  it  when  subject,   . 

The  indefinite  pronoun  and  adjective  tout,  .     Use  of  the  nega- 
tion,   .     Peculiarity  of  verbs  ending  in  ger, . 

Mme.  S.  est  sur  le  point  d'executer  son  projet.  Elle 
arrange  ses  affaires.  Elle  visite  tous  ses  parents,  ses  freres, 
ses  soeurs,  son  oncle  et  sa  tante,  ses  cousins,  ses  cousines 
et  ses  amis.  Elle  regoit  leurs  souhaits  de  bon  voyage. 
Enfin,  1'heure  de  son  depart  arrive:  tout  est  pret.  Un 
fiacre  attend  la  voyageuse  a  la  porte.  Elle  embrasse  les 
membres  de  sa  famille.  Elle  ne  pleure  pas.  Adieu ! 

12.  Transposition 

Replace  Mine.  S.  by  the  pronouns  ta,  VOMS,  and  Us  (present  indica- 
tive and  future  in  the  interrogative  form)  and  by  the  pronouns  je*  nous* 
and  Us  (same  tenses  in  the  negative  form).  The  answers  should  alter- 
nate with  the  questions  as  in  Exercise  i. 


12  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

13.  Questions 

1.  Qu'arrangez-vous    quand    vous    etes    sur    le    point   de 

voyager  ? 

2.  Qui  visitez-vous  ? 

3.  Que  recevez-vous ? 

4.  Quand  1'heure  de  votre  depart  arrive,  tout  est-il  pret  ? 

5.  Ou  le  fiacre  attend-il  ? 

6.  Qui  est-ce  que  vous  embrassez  ? 

7.  Pleurez-vous  ?     (Negative  answer.) 

14.  Grammar  Drill 

Masculine  Singular.  —  My  departure  ;  her  foot ;  their 
cab ;  your  nose ;  his  friend ;  our  uncle ;  your a  trip ;  her 
complexion. 

Feminine  Singular.  —  Your  height ;  our  trunk ;  my 
cabin;  his  wheel;  her  ear;  my  intention;  your1  family; 
his  friend.2 

Masculine  Plural.  —  My  relatives ;  your  large  steam- 
ers; her  blue  eyes;  their  hats;  your1  good  friends;  their 
cousins;  our  projects;  his  wishes. 

Feminine  Plural. — Your  business  matters;  his  boots; 
their  pretty  dresses;  her  ears;  your  good  friends;  your1 
aunts ;  our  intentions  ;  my  handsome  cousins. 

1  Replace  by  thy.  2  amie. 

15.  Translation 

Summer a  approaches  ;  we  wish  to  carry  out  our  plans, 
and  we  settle  all  our  business  matters.  Do  you  visit  your 
uncles,  aunts,  brother  and  sister,  cousins 2  and  friends 
when  you  intend  to  travel  in  foreign  countries a  ?  Yes, 


EN   ROUTE!  13 

we  visit  all  the  members  of  our  family,  and  they  bid  us 
good-by.3  When  the  hour  of  yo.ur  departure  arrives,  are 
you  ready  ?  We  are  ready ;  our  trunks  and  valises  are 
also  ready.  We  are  about  to  depart.  We  are  waiting 
for  the  carriage ;  at  last  it  arrives.  We  embrace  our 
relatives,  but  we  do  not  weep.  Farewell ! 

1  Use  the  definite  article. 

2  Masculine  and  feminine  forms. 

3  We  receive  their  wishes  for  a  good  trip. 


EXERCISE   IV 
16.   Text 

Formation  of  tenses, .     Present  participle,  imperfect  indicative,  and 

conditional  of  regular  verbs, ;  of  recevoir, ;  of  to  be, ; 

and  of  to  have, .  Peculiarity  of  verbs  ending  myer, .  Definite 

article  used  with  of 'or  from,  to  or  at, .     Use  of  the  past  infini- 
tive after  apres, .     Formation  and  place  of  adverbs, . 

Mme.  S.  quitte  la  maison  et  arrive  au  fiacre.  Le  cocher 
saute  du  siege  pour  ouvrir  la  portiere.  La  voyageuse 
place  le  pied  sur  le  marchepied  et  monte  dans  la  voi- 
ture.  Le  cocher  ferme  la  portiere.  Au  revoir!  Et 
les  chevaux  galopent  rapidement  vers  la  gare.  Bientot 
elle  arrive  a  destination.  Le  cocher  arrete  ses  chevaux. 
Elle  descend  du  fiacre  et  apres  avoir  paye  le  cocher,  elle 
entre  dans  la  salle  d'attente. 

17,  Transposition 

Replace  the  present  indicative 

1.  by  the  imperfect  indicative, 

2.  by  the  future, 

3.  by  the  conditional. 


14  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

18.  Questions 

1.  Mme.  S.,  que  quitte-t-elle  ? 

2.  Ou  arrive-t-elle  ? 

3.  D'ou  saute  le  cocher? 

4.  Pourquoi  saute-t-il  du  siege  ? 

5.  Sur  quoi  la  voyageuse  place-t-elle  le  pied  ? 

6.  Dans  quoi  monte-t-elle  ? 

7.  Ou'est-ce  que  le  cocher  ferme  ? 

8.  Les  chevaux  ne  galopent-ils  pas  ? 

9.  Bientot,  ou  arrive-t-elle  ? 

10.  Ou  le  cocher  arrete-t-il  ses  chevaux  ? 

11.  Apres  avoir  paye  le  cocher,  ou  Mme.  S.  entre-t-elle  ? 

19.   Grammar  DriU 

Masculine  Singular. — At  the  moment  of  the  departure; 
to  the  plan  of  the  steamer ;  to  the  farewell  of  the  friend. 

Feminine  Singular.  —  At  the  door  of  the  house;  to  the 
dress  of  the  maid ;  to  the  ear  of  the  friend. 

Plural.  —  To  the  business  of  the  companies  ;  at  the  hats 
of  the  coachmen ;  to  the  eyes  of  the  relatives. 

Mixed  Forms.  —  To  the  wishes  of  the  family ;  to  the 
waters  of  the  ocean  ;  to  the  cabins  of  the  steamers ;  at  the 
seats  of  the  carriages ;  at  the  waiting  room  of  the  station ; 
at  the  feet  of  the  horses ;  to  the  station  of  the  railroad ; 
to  the  wheel  of  the  friend ;  to  the  clothes  of  the  traveler 
(fern.);  at  the  hour;  to  the  foreign  countries;  to  the  ocean. 

20,  Translation 

The  carriage  is  waiting  at  the  door  of  the  house ;  the 
coachman  is  on  the  box  of  the  cab.  "  Are  you  about  to 
leave  your  country  to a  visit  Europe  ?  —  Yes,  we  are 


EN   ROUTE!  15 

leaving  our  family  and  country."  You  go  down,  you 
reach2  the  carriage;  everything  is  ready.  You  step 
quickly  into  the  carriage.  Good-by !  Your  coachman 
will  shut  the  door  of  the  cab ;  he  will  climb  on  his  box, 
and  his  horse  will  gallop  toward  the  station.  You  will 
soon  arrive  at  the  door  of  the  waiting  room.  The  coach- 
man, after  stopping  his  horse,  will  jump  from  his  seat 
to l  open  the  door  of  the  carriage.  You  will  put  one  foot 
on  the  step ;  you  will  alight  from  the  cab ;  after  paying 
the  coachman,  you  will  enter3  the  waiting  room  of  the 
station. 

1  in  order  to.  2  arrive  at.  3  Supply  into. 


EXERCISE   V 
21.    Text 

Adverbs  of  quantity  followed  by  de,  .  Numbers,  .  Agree- 
ment of  vingt  and  cent,  .  Comparatives,  .  Demonstra- 
tives,   .  Relatives, . 

Mme.  S.  demande  a  I'homme  qui  est  au  guichet  un 
billet  de  premiere  classe  pour  New  York.  "  Combien  ? 
—  Quinze  dollars,  quatre-vingts  cents."  Elle  tire  son  porte- 
monnaie  de  sa  poche  et  paie  ce  billet.  Elle  demande 
aussi  a  cet  employe :  "  Le  train  est-il  en  retard  ?  Quelle 
heure  est-il  ?  "  £elui-ci  respond  que  le  train  qu'elle  attend, 
est  toujours  a  Theure  et  qu'il  ne  tardera  pas  a  arriver. 
Cette  dame  regarde  quelle  heure  il  est  a  sa  montre.  II 
est  onze  heures  moins  vingt  minutes.  II  y  a  beaucoup 
d'autres  voyageurs  qui  attendent  1'arrivee  de  ce  meme 
train.  Elle  examine  ces  futurs  compagnons  de  voyage, 
ceux  qui  sont  assis  sur  les  banes  de  la  salle  d'attente  et 
ceux  qui  marchent  sur  le  quai. 


1 6  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

22.  Transposition 

1 .  Use  in  the  principal  clauses  the  interrogative  form. 

2.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  je  and  use  the  present  indicative  in  the  affirma- 

tive form. 

3.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  ///,  the  present  indicative  by  the  imperfect 

indicative,  and  the  future  by  the  conditional. 

4.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  je  and  /'/,  and  the  present  indicative  by  the 

future. 

23.  Questions 

1.  Cette  dame,  que  demande-t-elle  ? 

2.  Que  tire-t-elle  de  sa  poche  ? 

3.  Combien  paie-t-elle  son  billet  ? 

4.  Quelle  question  adresse-t-elle  a  1'employe? 

5.  Que  repond  celui-ci? 

6.  Le  train  tardera-t-il  a  arriver  ? 

7.  Quelle  heure  est-il  a  la  montre  de  cette  dame  ? 

8.  Qui  attend  Tarrivee  de  ce  meme  train  ? 

9.  Qui  cette  dame  examine-t-elle  ? 

10.  Ou  sont  assis  beaucoup  de  voyageurs? 

1 1.  Qui  marche  sur  le  quai  ? 

24.  Grammar  Drill 

Masculine  Singular.  —  This  ticket  office;  this  man;  this 
small  man  ;  that  train  ;  that  ocean. 

Feminine  Singular. — This  watch;  this  water;  this  good 
water ;  that  hour ;  that  trunk. 

Plural.  —  Those   five   benches  ;    these   four   carriages  ; 
those  two  men  ;   these  ten  hours ;   these  oceans. 

This  pocket-book  is  that  of  your  brother. 
That  wheel  is  his  sister's. 
This  horse  is  larger  than  that  of  your  friend. 
That  watch  is  smaller  than  this. 


EN   ROUTE!  17 

These  hats  are  my  uncle's. 

Those  houses  are  their  mother's. 

These  steamers  are  larger  than  those  of  the  General 
Company. 

Those  dresses  are  finer  than  these. 

Two  trains  are  approaching ;  this  one  is  late,  that  one  is 
on  time. 

3,  13,  28,  51,  66,  76,  81,  84,  99,  117,  679,  noo,  1492, 
1777,  3269,  iS,45i>  398,271,  6,821,746. 

25.  Translation 

These  men  intend  to  travel  in 1  1 899.2  On  3  June  2 1  st,4  at 
the  hour  of  departure,  these  future  traveling  companions 
will  step  into  the  same  cab  and  will  arrive  at  the  station  at 
25  minutes  past  7.5  They  will  enter  the  waiting  room. 
Many  travelers  will  be  waiting  for  the  train  :  some6  will  be 
seated  on  the  benches  of  the  platform;  others7  will  be  walk- 
ing about3  in  the  waiting  room. ly  There  are  always  five  or  six 
employees  in  that  station.  Our  friends  will  ask  the  one8 
who  is  seated  at  the  ticket  office:  "What  time  is  it?"- 
This  one  will  take  out  his  watch  and  will  answer :  "  It  is 
28  minutes  past  7 ;  you  are  on  time,  but  this  train  is  always 
late  this  summer.  How  many  tickets  do  you  want  ? " 
"Three."  One  of  these  travelers,  taking  his  purse  out 
of  his  pocket,  will  pay  for  his  own 3  ticket  and  those  of 
his  friends.  "  How  much  ?  "  "80  dollars."  While9  wait- 
ing for  the  coming  of  their  train,  they  will  examine  the 
station;  it  is  smaller  but  prettier  than  that  at10  New  York. 
The  train  for  which  they  wait  is  not  long  in  coming. 

1  en.  4  the  21  June  (juin).  8  a  celui. 

2  Do  not  use  figures  in  this  exercise.       5  7  o'clock,  25  minutes.        g  en. 

3  Omit.  Q  these.  10  of. 

7  tfiose. 

FR.   PROSE   COMP.  —  2 


1 8  AX0"^  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

•  :  v*    \ 


EXERCISE   VI 
26.  Text 

Peculiarity  of  verbs  of  the  first  conjugation  in  which  the  last  syllable 

of  the  infinitive  is  preceded  by  e  mute, .     Imperative  of  regular 

verbs, ;  of  to  be, ;  and  of  to  have, .     Pronoun  on, . 

Possessives, .     Personals,  disjunctives, ,  and  conjunctives, 

.      Place  of  personal  pronouns,  .      Present  and  imperfect 

indicative,  future,  and  conditional  of  pronominal  or  reflexive  verbs, 

••    .1 

Tout  a  coup  un  employe  leur  annonce  1'arrivee  du  train. 
Alors  ceux  qui  ont  accompagne  a  la  station  leurs  parents 
et  leurs  amis,  se  preparent  a  leur  faire  leurs  adieux.  On  se 
serre  la  main ;  on  se  parle ;  on  echange  beaucoup  de  com- 
pliments. "Ayez  1'obligeance  de  presenter  mes  respects 
et  ceux  de  ma  famille  a  Madame  votre  m&re.  Depechez- 
vous ;  voici  votre  train.  Ne  manquez  pas  de  nous  rappeler 
au  bon  souvenir  des  votres.  Occupez-vous  de  vos  bagages  : 
comptez-les.  Aimez-vous  ces  jolies  fleurs  ?  Acceptez-les." 
"Je  vous  remercie;  vous  etes  bien  aimables." 

27.  Transposition 

1.  From  the  beginning  to  Ayez: 

a.  Use  the  imperfect  indicative. 

b.  Use  the  future. 

c.  Use  the  conditional. 

2.  From  Ayez  to  the  end  : 

Use  the  second  person  singulai  of  the  imperative. 

N.B.   Madame  is  dropped  before  ta. 

28.  Questions 

(Answers  in  the  Future) 

1.  Qui  annoncera  1'arrivee  du  train  ? 

2.  A  qui  1'employe  l'annoncera-t-il  ? 


EN   ROUTE!  •    ,  1 9 

3.  Ceux  qui  vous  auront  accompagne  a  la  station,  que  se 

prepareront-ils  a  faire  ? 

4.  A  qui  serrerez-vous  la  main  ? 

5.  Qu'echangerez-vous  avec  vos  parents  et  vos  amis? 

29,  Grammar  Drill 

Here  are  two  trains :  the  first  is  mine ;  the  other  is 
theirs. 

Here  are  two  flowers :  this  one  is  his ;  that  one  is  yours. 

My  dresses  are  blue  and  theirs  are  black. 

His  hair  is  black  and  yours  is  dark -brown. 

Your  foot  is  large  and  hers  is  small. 

I  speak  to  you ;  I  do  not  speak  to  him ;  speak  to  her ; 
do  not  speak  to  them.  Here  is  a  ticket;  I  give1  it  to  you  ; 
I  do  not  give  it  to  her;  give  it  to  me;  do  not  give  it  to 

hlm-  i  donner. 

V 

30.  Translation 

Your  relatives  and  friends  escort  you  to  the  station. 
You  are  late ;  you  hurry.  You  ask  the  man  who  is  seated 
at  the  ticket  office  for  your  ticket.1  He  gives  it  to  you. 
You  ask  him:  "How  much?"  He  answers  you:  "81 
dollars."  You  take  your  pocket-book  out  of  your  pocket 
and  pay  him  for  it.2  Then  you  attend  to  your  luggage.3 
Suddenly  the  employees  announce  to  those  who  are  wait- 
ing for  the  train  that  it  is  coming.  Then  you  get  ready 
to  depart ;  you  thank  those  who  have  had  the  kindness  to 
accompany  you.  You  shake  hands  with  4  them,  you  accept 
the  flowers  which  they  present  you  and  exchange  many 
compliments  with  them.  They  bid  you  good-by5  and  you 
answer  them  :  "  You  are  all  very  kind  to 6  have  accom- 
panied me  to  the  train.  I  thank  you  very  7  much.  I  shall 


20  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

not  fail  to   pay  your  respects  and  your  family's  to   my 
mother.     I  shall  remember  you  to  my8  relatives."8 

1  you  ask  your  ticket  to  the  man  ...  6  See  15,  note  3. 

it  to  him.  6  de. 

8  Plural.  7  Omit. 

See  28,  4.  8  mine  (plural). 


EXERCISE    VII 
31,    Text 

.eview  the  same  rules  as  for  26.      Superlatives, .     Translation  of 

it  is  and  they  are,  .  '    Peculiarity  of  some  verbs  of  the  first 

conjugation  in  which  the  last  syllable  of  the  infinitive  is  preceded 
by  e, .     Use  of  rfest-ce  pas, . 

Les  parents  et  les  amis  des  voyageurs  continuent  a  les 
accabler  de  conseils  et  de  commissions  :  "  Nous  esperons 
que  vous  vous  amuserez  tres  bien ;  ne  vous  ennuyez  pas 
trop ;  portez-vous  aussi  bien  que  possible ;  ayez  soin  de 
votre  sante  et  de  celle  de  votre  petite  sceur.  Donnez-nous 
souvent  de  vos  nouvelles,  n'est-ce  pas  ?  Nos  meilleurs 
compliments  a  votre  cousine  et  a  la  notre;  saluez-les 
pour  nous.  Pensez  a  nous  tous  les  jours.  Rapportez- 
nous  beaucoup  de  cadeaux.  Avez-vous  votre  parapluie? 
Ou  est  le  sien  ?  Ne  les  oubliez  pas  dans  le  wagon  ;^ce  sont 
vos  plus  beaux. )  Envoyez-nous  votre  photographic.  Nos 
meilleures  amities  a  vos  voisins.  Telegraphiez-nous  des 
votre  arrivee  chez  vous.  Voila  votre  train.  Encore  une 
poignee  de  main !  Bon  voyage  !  "  "  Merci." 

32.  Transposition 

From  "  Nous  espeYons  .  .  ."  to  the  end,  replace  the  first  and  second 
persons  plural  respectively  by  the  same  persons  in  the  singular,  with  all. 
the  required  changes. 


EN   ROUTE!  21 

33.  Questions 

1.  Vous  amusez-vous  en  voyage  ? 

2.  Vous  ennuyez-vous  quand  vous  voyagez  ? 

3.  Vous  portez-vous  bien  ? 

4.  Avez-vous  soin  de  votre  sant6  ? 

5.  Donnez-vous  souvent  de  vos  nouvelles  a  votre  f  amille  ? 

6.  Pensez-vous  a  vos  amis  tous  les  jours  ? 

7.  Oubliez-vous  quelquefois  votre  parapluie  dans  le  wagon? 

8.  A  qui  envoyez-vous  votre  photographic  ? 

34.  Grammar  Drill 

There  is  an  umbrella.  Whose l  umbrella  is  it  ?  It  is  my 
umbrella.  No,  it  is  not  yours.  Yes,  it  is  mine ;  it  is  my 
finest  umbrella. 

Here  are  many  photographs.  Whose 1  are  they  ?  These 
are  my  sister's,  and  those  are  mine.  I  send  them  to  him. 
Do  not  send  them  to  us.  Send  them  to  me. 

1  to  whom  (is  this  umbrella}  ? 

35.  Translation 

You  go  on :  "  Do  not  overwhelm  me  with  too  many 
errands.  I  will  present  your  best  regards  to  my  cousins  l 
and  to  yours.  I  will  greet  them  for  you,  and  will  give 
them  the  pretty  presents  which  you  send  them.  I  like 
your  beautiful  photographs,  and  I  accept  them.  Thanks. 
I  shall  think  of  you  every  day.  I  shall  not  fail  to  give 
your  love  to  our  kind  neighbors.  I  have  forgotten  my 
umbrella  and  hers ;  they  are  at  your  house.  You  will 
have  the  kindness  to  send  them  to  us,  will  you  not?  I 
shall  write  to  you  often  this  summer,  but  I  hope  you2  will 
not  delay  in  answering  us.  One  more  hand  shake !  I 
shall  be  well;  I  shall  enjoy  myself  as  well  as  I  can;3  I 


22  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

shall  not  have  too  dull  a  time.  I  shall  not  count  the  hours. 
I  shall  take  care  of  my  health,  and  I  hope  you  2  will  take 
the  greatest  care  of  yours  and  his.  I  thank  you  for  4  your 
good  advice.  I  intend  to  telegraph  to  you  as  soon  as  I 
reach  home.  You  will  not  forget  to  4  send  us  our  umbrellas, 
will  you  ?  They  are  our  prettiest  ones.5  We  thank  you 
for4  your  kindness."  "Pleasant  journey!" 

1  Feminine.  ••,-»«>  *  de- 

„  c       .     ,,    ,  3  it  will  be  possible  to  me.  , 

2  Supply  that.  5  Omit. 


EXERCISE   VIII 
36.  Text 

Partitive  article  or  some  and  any, .   Relatives  after  prepositions, . 

Apercevoir  like  recevoir, .     Past  definite  or  preterit  of  regular 

verbs, ;  of  reflexive  verbs, ;  ^irece'voir^ ;  Qitobe, ; 

and  of  to  have, . 

Mme.  S.  montre  son  billet  a  1'employe  qui  est  debout  a 
la  barriere.  Le  train  arrive  a  toute  vapeur :  il  s'arrete. 
En  voiture !  Elle  se  hate  de  monter  dans  le  wagon  et 
choisit  une  bonne  place.  Le  train  s'ebranle  lentement. 
En  route  pour  New  York !  Mme.  S.  regarde  par  la  fenetre 
et  admire  les  campagnes  dans  lesquelles  beaucoup  de  pay- 
sans  et  de  paysannes  travaillent.  Elle  apergoit  aussi  de 
hautes  montagnes,  des  lacs,  des  collines  aux  pentes  douces, 
des  ruisseaux  serpentant  dans  des  pres  fleuris,  de  nom- 
breux  troupeaux  et  de  longues  routes  sur  lesquelles  voy- 
agent  des  bicyclistes  et  des  pietons.  Tantot  le  train  passe 
dans  de  longs  tunnels  et  sur  de  hauts  ponts  au-dessus  de 
rivieres  larges  et  profondes  ;  tantot  il  traverse  des  champs, 
de  grandes  villes,  de  pauvres  villages,  des  hameaux,  des 
forets  et  de  belles  vallees. 


EN   ROUTE!  23 

37.  Transposition 

1.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  nous. 

2.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  elles  and  the  present  by  the  imperfect  indica- 

tive (interrogative  form). 

3.  Replace  the  present  by  the  preterit.     (The  verbs  of  the  relative 

sentences  must  then  be  used  in  the  imperfect  indicative.) 

4.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  je  and  the  present  by  the  future. 

5.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  vous  and  the  present  by  the  conditional. 

38.  Questions 

(Answers  in  the  Preterit) 

1.  A  qui  Mme.  S.  montra-t-elle  son  billet? 

2.  Qu'est-ce  qui  arriva  a  toute  vapeur  ? 

3.  Le  train  s'arreta-t-il  a  la  station? 

4.  Que  cri£rent  les  employe's  ? 

5.  Mme.  S.,  ou  monta-t-elle  ? 

6.  Quelle  espece  de  place  choisit-elle  ? 

7.  Le  train  s'ebranla-t-il  rapidement  ? 

8.  En  route,  qu'est-ce  que  cette  dame  admira  ? 

9.  Qui  travaillait  dans  les  campagnes  ? 

10.  Mme.  S.,  qu'apergut-elle  ? 

1 1.  Qui  est-ce  qui  pedalait  sur  les  routes  ? 

12.  Au-dessus  de  quoi  le  train  passa-t-il? 

1 3.  Que  traversa-t-il  ? 

39.  Grammar  Drill 

Masculine  Singular.  —  Some  linen;  some  fine  linen; 
coffee1;  good  coffee;  black  coffee;  milk2;  good  milk; 
fresh  milk ;  I  do  not  wish  any  milk. 

Feminine  Singular.  —  Some  water  ;  good  water ;  fresh 
water;  there  is  no  water;  lace;  pretty  lace;  blue  lace; 
she  has  no  lace. 


24  FRENCH    PROSE  COMPOSITION 

Plural.  —  Some  hats  ;  some  fine  hats  ;  round 3  hats  ; 
some  dresses ;  fine  dresses ;  black  dresses ;  oceans ;  large 
oceans;  horses;  fine  horses;  waters;  slopes;  numerous 
slopes ;  gentle  slopes ;  they  have  no  tickets ;  there  are  no 
travelers  in  this  car. 

1  cafe.  2  lait.  3  rond. 


40.  Translation 

Our  train  is  not  long  in  coming ;  we  show  our  tickets  to 
the  man  at  the  gate  and  leave  the  waiting  room.  We  are 
standing  on  the  platform.  The  train  stops :  all  aboard ! 
The  cars  have  wide  steps.  We  hasten  to  get  into  the  cars, 
in  which  there  are  already  numerous  passengers.  We 
select  good  places.  The  train  soon  starts.1  We  are  on 

our  way  to  New  York.  I/The  car  in  which  we  are  travel- 

»_* 

ing  has  numerous  seats  and  large  windows.  We  examine 
our  future  traveling  companions.  The  ladies  have  cloaks, 
fine  dresses,  and  pretty  hats.  The  passengers  look  out.2 
We  also  look  out.  Now  we  perceive  roads  on  which  many 
bicyclists  are  pedaling3  swiftly3  and  many  pedestrians  are 
walking  slowly,  numerous  forests,  blue  lakes,  and  large 
fields  in  which  country  people4  are  standing  or  sitting5; 
now  we  admire  meadows  in  which  there  are  small  flocks, 
deep  valleys  in  which  pretty  brooks  are  slowly  meander- 
ing, rivers  over  which  there  are  many  bridges,  mountains 
on  the  flowery  slopes  of  which  arise6  poor  hamlets,  cities 
the  houses  of  which7  are  very  high,  small  villages  and  tun- 
nels in  which  the  trains  pass  at  full  speed.  ^ 

1  is  not  long  in  starting.  4  Masc.  and  fern,  forms. 

2  Supply  of  the  window.  5  seated. 

8  See  38.  6  show  themselves. 

7  of  which  the  houses. 


EN   ROUTE!  2$ 

EXERCISE    IX 
41,  Text 

Indefinites, .     Use  of  de  after  some  indefinites, .     Agreement 

of  past  participles,  used  without  auxiliary, ,  and  with  to  be, . 

Passive  voice, .     Use  and  place  of/, ,  and  of  en, .     Idio- 
matic use  of  the  verb  avoir, . 

Mme.  S.,  fatiguee,  se  procure  un  journal  quelconque  ou 
un  roman  nouveau,  quelque  chose  d'interessant.  A  chaque 
passage  a  niveau,  tout  le  monde  entend  sonner  a  toute 
volee  la  cloche  de  la  locomotive.  Aux  heures  des  repas, 
quiconque  a  faim,  se  rend  dans  le  wagon-restaurant  et 
y  mange.  Telle  est  la  rapidite  avec  laquelle  les  voyageurs 
sont  emportes  a  travers  la  campagne  que  quelques  per- 
sonnes  en  ont  peur ;  le  soir,  tout  y  est  obscur ;  personne 
n'y  remarque  plus  rien,  ni  arbres,  ni  maisons.  La  nuit, 
quand  quelqu'un  a  sommeil  et  a  envie  de  se  coucher,  il 
se  dirige  vers  le  wagon-lit.  Aux  grandes  stations,  le  train 
s'arrete  pour  laisser  monter  ou  descendre  les  voyageurs ; 
pres  de  chaque  petite  gare,  il  ralerrtit  sa  marche  pour 
eviter  les  accidents.  Enfin  on  approche  de  New  York. 
Sans  aucun  doute,  chacun  semble  content  d'arriver  a  desti- 
nation sain  et  sauf. 

42.  Transposition 

1.  Replace  the  present  by  the  future. 

2.  Replace  the  present  by  the  imperfect. 

3.  Replace  the  present  by  the  conditional. 

4.  Replace  the  present  by  the  preterit. 

43.  Questions 

1.  Est-ce  que  Mme.  S.  n'est  pas  fatigue" e  ? 

2.  Que  se  procure-t-elle  ? 

3.  A    chaque    passage    a    niveau,    qu'est-ce    que    tout    le 

monde  entend  ? 


26  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

4.  Comment  la  cloche  de  la  locomotive  sonne-t-elle  ? 

5.  Qui  se  rend  dans  le  wagon-restaurant  aux  heures  des 

repas  ? 

6.  Y  a-t-il  des  personnes  qui  ont  peur  en  chemin  de  fer  ? 

7.  Que  remarque-t-on  le  soir  dans  la  campagne  obscure  ? 

8.  La  nuit,  a-t-on  sommeil  ? 

9.  Ou  se  dirige-t-on  quand  on  a  envie  de  dormir  ? 

10.  Pourquoi  le  train  s'arrete-t-il  quelquefois? 

11.  Pourquoi  ralentit-il  sa  marche  a  chaque  petite  gare  ? 

12.  Chacun  semble-t-il  content  d'etre  arrive  a  New  York 

sain  et  sauf  ? 

44.  Grammar  Drill 

Qs^e^jjiA  ,*JJ&U*^<ft**'  C^J^ 

1.  A  few  newspapers ;  a  few  people ;  any  bell  whatever ; 

something  good ;    all  the  cars ;    every  engine ;    no 
night;   everything;   everybody;    every  day;    some- 
body; whoever. 
XT  ,    :  ,   ,    , ., 

2.  Nobody  seems  glad  of  it 

3.  We 1  no  longer  hear  anything. 

4.  We 1  do  not  notice  any  trees  there. 

,  - 

5.  Have  you  any  friends  in  that  town?      Yes,  I   have 

many  there.     How  many  have  you  ?     I  have  more 
than  2  ten. 

6.  Do  you  notice  bicyclists  on  the  roads  ?     Yes,  I  notice 

some  there.      *        ^t0 

7.  Does  she  buy  newspapers  in  the  car  ?     No,  she  does 

not  buy  any  there. 

i  on.  2  de. 

45.  Translation 

When  we  travel  by  rail,  we  notice  that  no  passenger 
seems  to  be  afraid  ;  doubtless,  nobody  thinks  of l  any  dan- 
ger whatever,  of l  the  numerous  accidents  which  happen 2 
every  day.  Many  persons  seem  pleased  to  be  carried 


< 


OF 

UNIVERSITY  ! 

EN   ROUTE!  2  7 


away  on  a  train  which  crosses  fields,  forests,  meadows, 
cities,  with  such3  a8  speed.  All  hope  to4  arrive  at  their 
destination  safe  and  sound.  Some  of  the  passengers  buy 
newspapers  or  novels ;  others,  who  have  a  mind  to  admire 
the  beautiful  country,  look  out.  There  one  always  notices 
something  new.  At  meal  time,  every  one  is  hungry  and 
nobody  fails  to  go5  to  the  dining  car  and  to  eat  there. 
When  night6  comes,2  the  country  through  which  the  train 
passes  at  full  speed  is  dark;  we  perceive  nothing  there, 
either  mountains  or  valleys.  Near  the  crossings,  the  bell 
of  the  engine  rings  loud  to7  avoid  accidents  there  and 
everybody  hears  it.  Trains 6  do  not  stop  often ;  at  every 
station  a  few  passengers  step  into  the  cars  or  alight. 
Every  evening,  whoever  is  sleepy  and  tired  enters  the 
sleeping  car  and  goes  to  bed  there.  Finally  the  train, 
slackening  its  speed,  enters  the  city  of  New  York  and 
soon  stops  at  the  station.  People  arrive  at  their  destina- 
tion safe  and  sound,  and  they  are  glad  of  it. 

1  to.  3  a  such  ...  6  Use  the  definite  article. 

2  arriver.  4  Omit.  7  in  order  to. 

5  to  betake  oneself. 


EXERCISE   X 
46.  Text 

List  of  verbs  whose  compound  tenses  are  conjugated  with  to  have  in 

English  and  to  be  in  French, .     Agreement  of  past  participles 

conjugated  with  to  be, ,  and  to  have,  .     Compound  tenses 

(indicative  mood)  of  reflexive  verbs, .     Irregular  verbs :  alter, 

;  dire, ;  faire, ;  prendre,  ;   vouloir, ;  and 

conduire, . 

Mme.  S.  appelle  un  cocher  et    lui    donne  Tadresse  de 
1'hotel  ou   elle  veut  descendre  pendant  son  sejour.     Des 


28  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

qu'elle  y  arrive,  elle  se  fait  donner  une  bonne  chambre. 
Elle  prend  1'ascenseur,  se  rend  a  la  chambre  que  1'employe 
du  bureau  lui  a  indiquee  et  s'y  repose.  Le  lendemain 
matin,  elle  s'eveille  de  bonne  heure ;  elle  se  leve  et 
s'habille  promptement.  Alors  elle  va  a  la  salle  a  manger 
ou  elle  dejeune  de  bon  appetit.  Son  dejeuner  fini,  elle  diJ- 
au  ganjon  de  lui  apporter  sa  note.  Apres  1'avoir  payee, 
elle  se  fait  conduire  a  Fembarcadere  de  la  Compagnie 
Generale. 

47.  Transposition 

1.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  je  (affirm,  form). 

2.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  vous  (interr.  form). 

3.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  nous  (affirm,  form). 

4.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  nous  and  the  present  by  the  past  indefinite 

(affirm,  form). 

5.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  vous,  the  present  by  the  preterit  (affirm. 

form),  and  the  past  indefinite  by  the  pluperfect. 

6.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  Us,  the  present   by  the  imperfect  (interr. 

form),  and  the  past  indefinite  by  the  pluperfect. 

7.  Replace  the  present  by  the  future. 

48.  Questions 

1.  Oui  Mme.  S.  appelle-t-elle ? 

2.  Que  lui  donne-t-elle  ? 

3.  Que   se    fait-elle  donner  a  1'hotel   aussitdt   qu'elle   y 

arrive  ? 

4.  Que  prend-elle  ? 

5.  Ou  se  rend-elle  ? 

6.  Qu'y  fait-elle  ? 

7.  Le  lendemain  matin,  a  quelle  heure  s'eveille-t-elle  ? 

8.  Apres  s'etre  habillee,  ou  va-t-elle  ? 

9.  Qu'y  fait-elle  ? 

10.  Le  dejeuner  fini,  que  dit-elle  au  gargon? 

1 1.  Alors,  ou  se  fait-elle  conduire  ? 


EN   ROUTE!  29 

49.  Grammar  Drill 

1 .  She  has  gone  to  the  address  which  you  had  given  (to)  her. 

2.  Where  are  your  bills  ?     Have  you  paid   them  ?     The 

waiter  has  not  yet  brought  them  to  us. 

3.  She  has  got  up  and  they  have  dressed  her  slowly. 

4.  We  have  arrived  at  the  pier  on  time. 

5.  They  will  not  go  ;  were  you  going  ?     I  go  ;  let  us  go. 

6.  We  made  (pret.);  she  has  made ;  shall  you  make  ? 

7.  They  do  not  wish  ;  you  would  wish ;  he  had  wished. 

8.  We  take;  they  took  (pret.);  they  (fern.)  have  not  been 

taken. 

9.  You  say;  you  said  (pret);  she  would  say ;  tell  me. 

/X 
50.  Translation 

As  soon  as  you  arrive  at  the  station,  you  alight  from  the 
car  with  your  friends.  You  call  a  coachman  ;  he  puts 
the  baggage l  which  you  have  brought,  on  his  seat  or  into 
the  carriage.  He  asks  you  at  what  hotel  you  intend  to 
stop.  You  tell  him2  and  he  takes3  you  quickly  to  the 
hotel,  the  address  of  which  you  have  given  him.4  You  go 
to  the  office,  ask  for  comfortable  rooms,  and  say  to  the 
clerk:  "  Call  us  at  10  minutes  to  7."  '  You  take  the  ele- 
vator and  go  up  to  the  rooms  which  he  has  assigned  you ; 
every  traveler  has  his  own ; 5  you  are  glad  of  it.  ^  You 
enter  yours  and  go  to  bed  there ;  you  are  tired  and  wish  6 
to  rest. L  The  next  morning  you  are  all  awakened  early ; 
after  getting  up  you  dress  yourselves.  Then  you  leave 
the  rooms  which  you  have  occupied  during  the  night  and 
go  down  to  the  dining  room.  You  have  a  good  appetite 
and  tell  the  waiter  to  bring  you  a  hearty 7  breakfast.  Af- 
ter breakfasting  you  ask  for  your  bill  and  those  of  your 
friends.  After  paying  them  you  leave  the  hotel ;  you  call 
a  coachman  and  say  to  him  :  "  Take  3  us  as  fast  as  possible 


30  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

to  the  pier  of  the  General  Transatlantic  Company."     Your 
stay  in  that  city  has  not  been  very  long. 

1  Plural.  4  of  which  you  have  given  to  him  the  address. 

2  it  to  him.  5  Omit. 

3  conduire  or  mener.  6  have  a  mind.  7  good. 


EXERCISE   XI 
51.   Text 

Use  of  ce  qui  and  ce  que, .     Use  of  the  imperfect  indicative,  the 

preterit,  and  the  past  indefinite, .    Irregular  verbs  :  mettre, ; 

venir, ;  voiry ;  and  vttir, . 

Mme.  S.  monte  sur  la  passerelle  et  s'embarque.  Une 
foule  agitee  envahit  le  paquebot.  On  entend  tout  a  coup 
la  sirene  :  une  fois,  deux  fois,  trois  fois !  C'est  le  moment 
des  adieux.  Le  steamer  se  met  en  mouvement :  il  tourne 
et  descend  le  fleuve.  Mme.  S.  voit  le  panorama  du  port 
de  New  York,  le  pont  de  Brooklyn  et  la  statue  de  la  Li- 
berte.  Bientot  elle  perd  les  cotes  de  vue.  Au  revoir  aux 
Etats-Unis  !  D'abord  notre  voyageuse  s'amuse  beaucoup  : 
elle  observe  tout  ce  qui  se  passe  autour  d'elle.  Elle  va 
visiter  I'interieur  du  bateau.  Ensuite  elle  entre  dans  sa 
cabine  ou  elle  se  met  a  ranger  ses  affaires.  Elle  se  vet 
plus  chaudement  avant  de  remonter  sur  le  pont.  Elle  se 
hate,  car  elle  vient  d'entendre  le  bruit  du  gong  qui  annonce 
le  diner. 

52.  Transposition 

1 .  Replace  the  affirmative  by  the  interrogative  form.  \ 

2.  Replace  the  present  by  the  imperfect  and  Mme.  S.  by  vous. 

3.  Replace  the  present  by  the  preterit  and  Mme.  S.  by  nous. 

4.  Replace  the  present  by  the  past  indefinite  and  Mme.  S.  by  elles. 

5.  Replace  the  present  by  the  future  and  Mme.  S.  by  je. 

6.  Replace  the  present  by  the  conditional. 


EN   ROUTE!  31 

(For  3,  4,  5,  and  6,  drop  the  idiom  venir  de  in  the  last  sentence  and 
use  the  verb  entendre  in  the  required  tenses.) 

53.  Questions 

(Answers  in  the  Future) 

1.  Arrives  a  I'embarcadere,  que  f erons-nous  ? 

2.  Qui  envahira  le  paquebot  ? 

3.  Combien  de  fois  entendra-t-on  la  sirene? 

4.  Que  fera  le  paquebot  ? 

5.  Mme.  S.,  que  verra-t-elle  ? 

6.  D'abord,  s'amusera-t-elle  beaucoup? 

7.  Que  f era-t-elle  ? 

8.  Qu'est-ce  qu'elle  ira  visiter  ? 

9.  Ou  entrera-t-elle  ? 

10.  Que  se  mettra-t-elle  a  ranger? 

1 1 .  Comment  se  vetira-t-elle  ? 

12.  Pourquoi  se  hatera-t-elle  ? 

54.  Grammar  Drill 

1.  I  see  what  (that  which)  is  going  on  around  me. 

2.  We  shall  see  what  they  are  doing. 

3.  They  will  not  hear  what  you  say. 

4.  She  takes  what  is  good. 

5.  I  have  just  heard  the  fog  horn. 

6.  They  had  just  got  up. 

7.  We  begin  to  visit  the  ship ;  she  has  begun  to  dress  herself. 

8.  They  dress  themselves ;  she  was  dressing  herself ;  we 

had  dressed  ourselves. 

9.  You  put  (pres.);  they  put  (pret);  will  she  not  put? 

55.  Translation 

Afterwards   we   got   quickly  into  the  coachman's  cab, 
which  we  had  just  called,  for  we  were  late,  and  soon  we 


32  FRENCH    PROSE  COMPOSITION 

arrived  at  the  pier  without  any  accident ;  we  passed  through 
the  excited  crowd  which  was  thronging  "it.  We  saw  that 
everything  was  ready  for  the  departure.  We  went  up  the 
gang  plank  and  embarked.  First,  we  hastened  to  go  and1 
visit  our  cabins ;  we  began  to  set  all  our  things  in  order 
and  put  on  warmer  clothes.  We  had  just  visited  the  inside 
of  the  ship  and  had  just  examined  everything  which2  was 
around  us  when  we  suddenly  heard  the  sound  of  the  fog 
horn  :  once,  twice.  '\ree  times  ;  it  was  announcing  the  hour 
of  parting.  We  went  up  again  on  deck  to  3  see  the  steamer 
start.  We  watched  many  people  who  were  weeping,  kiss- 
ing4 each  other,  shaking4  hands  with  each  other  and  say- 
ing4 to  each  other:  "  Enjoy  yourself.  Think  often  of  us. 
Do  not  forget  what  I  have  just  told  you.  Have1  a1  good 
passage!  "  At  last  we  left  the  pier;  after  turning  slowly 
the  steamer  went  down  the  river.  We  admired  the  fine 
panorama  of  New  York  harbor;  we  saw  the  Brooklyn 
Bridge  and  we  bade  good-by  to  the  Statue  of  Liberty. 
After  a  few  hours  we  lost  sight  of  the  coasts  of  the  United 
States ;  we  were  on  our  way  to  Europe. 

1  Omit,         2  Supply  that.         3  in  order  to.         4  were  (reflexive  form). 


EXERCISE   XII 
56.  Text 

Idiomatic  *ise  of  the  verb  avoir, .     Tenses  required  by  the  c  ^n- 

junctiott  si,  .      Irregular  verbs :    pouvoir, ;    devenir  like 

venir,  —  — ;  croire, ;  entreprendre  like  prendre, ;  and  se 

plaindre  like  craindre, . 

Le  lendemain,  elle  ne  se  porte  pas  bien :  elle  a  le  mal 
de  mer.  Elle  reste  dans  sa  couchette  tout  le  temps  et  elle 
manque  d'air.  Elle  fait  appeler  le  medecin,  mais  celui-ci 


EN   ROUTE!  33 

a  beau  lui  donner  des  medicaments :  elle  devient  de  plus 
en  plus  malade.  Elle  se  plaint  beaucoup  ;  elle  croit  qu'elle 
a  eu  tort  d'entreprendre  ce  voyage.  Elle  souhaite  etre 
chez  elle.  Apres  quelques  jours,  cependant,  elle  va  mieux, 
mais  elle  n'a  pas  encore  le  pied  marin.  II  fait  froid  pen- 
dant toute  la  traversee.  Neanmoins  Focean  est  calme  et 
le  temps  est  beau.  Chaque  jour,  elle  rpeut  observer  le  lever 
et  le  coucher  du  soleil.  De  quel  magnifique  spectacle  elle 

jouit!  --tr, 

57.  Transposition 

1 .  Replace  elle  by  nous,  and  use  the  interrogative  form. 

2.  Replace  the  present  by  the  imperfect,  and  elle  by  je. 

3.  Replace  the  present  by  the  preterit,  and  elle  by  Us. 

4.  Replace  the  present  by  the  future,  and  elle  by  vous. 

5.  Replace  the  present  by  the  conditional,  and  elle  by  nous. 

6.  Replace  the  present  by  the  pluperfect. 

58.  Questions 

1.  Le  lendemain,  comment  se  porte-t-elle  ? 

2.  Qu'a-t-elle? 

3.  Ou  reste-t-elle  tout  le  temps  ? 

4.  Si  vous  traversiez  1'ocean,  resteriez-vous  tout  le  temps 

dans  votre  couchette  ? 

5.  De  quoi  manque-t-elle  ? 

6.  Qui  f ait-elle  appeler  ? 

7.  Qu'a-t-il  beau  lui  donner? 

8.  Devient-elle  plus  malade  ? 

9.  Se  plaint-elle  ? 

10.  Que  croit-elle  ? 

1 1.  Que  soubaite-t-elle  ? 

12.  Cependant,  apres  quelques  jours,  comment  va-t-elle  ? 

13.  A-t-elle  deja  le  pied  marin  ? 

14.  Quel  temps  fait-il  pendant  toute  la  traversee  ? 

15.  Que  peut-elle  observer  chaque  jour  ? 

FR.   PROSE   COMP.  —  3 


34  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

59.   Grammar  Drill 

1.  I  am  not  wrong;  will  they  be  wrong  ?  if  we  should  be 

wrong  .  .  . 

2.  Are  you  not  seasick  ?  they  have  been  seasick ;  if  she 

were  seasick  .  .  . 

3.  They  are  very l  hungry ;   have  you  been  hungry  ?   he 

will  not  have  been  hungry. 

4.  I  can;  we  could  (pret);  if  they  could  not;   they  will 

be  able ;    would  he  not  be  able  ? 

5.  We    become;    she    was    becoming;    did    you    become 

(pret.)?  they  have  not  become;  he  will  become. 

6.  I  complain ;    were  they  complaining  ?    we  shall  com- 

plain of  nothing. 

7.  Does  she  believe?   we  were  believing;   they  believed 

(pret);  you  would  not  have  believed. 

8.  They  undertake;    we  undertook  (pret.);    she  had  not 

undertaken. 

1  bien  or  grand*. 

60.   Translation 

The  next  morning  the  travelers  will  amuse  themselves 
very1  much;  they  will  enjoy  the  sight  and  the  cold  air  of 
the  ocean.  They  will  go  and l  inspect  the  whole 2  boat. 
They  will  not  be  seasick,  and  will  have  their  sea  legs. 
They  will  lack  nothing,  and  will  be  more  and  more  pleased 
that3  they3  have  undertaken  this  long  trip.  If  you  become 
sick,  you  will  send  for  the  doctor,  who  will  give  you  some 
medicine  ;  but  I  hope  you  will  be  in  good  health  all  the  time. 
Do  not  complain ;  do  not  express  the  wish  to  be  at  home. 
You  will  get  up  early,  every  morning,  walk  on  the  deck, 
and  watch  the  beautiful  sunrise.  What  a1  spectacle!  If 
a  friend  of  yours 4  has  been  seasick,  you  will  ask  him : 
"  How  are  you  ?  "  He  will  answer  you  :  "  I  feel  better, 


EN   ROUTE!  35 

thank  you."  "You  were  wrong  to  remain  in  your  bed  all 
the  time.  Why  did  you  not  go  on  deck?"  5  "I  was  too 
sick ;  I  sent  in  vain  for  the  doctor ;  I  did  not  see  him." 
"  Are  you  hungry  ?  "  "  I  am  ; 6  I  should  be  glad  if  the 
gong  would  announce  breakfast."5  At  that  moment  you 
will  hear  it;  you  will  hasten  to  enter  the  dining  room,  for 
one  is  very  hungry  after  walking  in  the  cold7  morning8  air. 
However,  after  breakfast5  you  will  be  able  to  remain  on 
deck  all  day,5  for  the  weather  will  be  very  fine. 

1  Omit.  .  *  yes. 
9     11 ,/                                *  one  of  your  friends.  , 

2  all  the.  .  TT     v     ,  ; .          .  ,  7  After  the  noun. 

6  Use  the  definite  article. 
8  to  =  de.  8  of  the  morning. 


EXERCISE   XIII 
61.   Text 

More  examples  of  the  idiomatic  use  of  the  verb  avoir, .     Use  of 

the  infinitive, .     Irregular  verbs  :  s*asseoir, ;  servir, ; 

lire, ;  and  survenir  like  venir, . 

Quand  Mme.  S.  s'assied  dans  sa  chaise  sur  le  pont,  elle 
s'enveloppe  de  chales  pour  avoir  chaud  et  elle  a  raison. 
Alors  elle  se  sert  de  sa  lunette  d'approche  pour  regarder 
les  poissons,  les  baleines,  les  mouettes,  les  etoiles,  le 
ciel  et,  de  temps  a  autre,  un  bateau  a  vapeur  ou  un 
bateau  a  voiles  terriblement  ballotte  par  les  vagues.  Mais 
elle  prefere  observer  le  capitaine,  les  officiers,  les  mate- 
lots,  les  passagers  et  les  passageres  de  cabine  et  d'entre- 
pont.  Elle  a  des  amusements  de  toutes  sortes,  car  elle 
peut  encore  lire  dans  le  salon,  jouer  du  piano,  danser, 
regarder  danser  les  autres,  chanter,  ecouter  la  musique, 
etc.  En  somme,  la  traversee  est  splendide ;  il  ne  survient 
ni  brouillard,  ni  tempete,  ni  naufrage. 


36  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

62.  Transposition 

1 .  Replace  Kfme.  S.  by  vous,  and  use  the  interrogative-negative  form 

in  principal  clauses. 

2.  Replace  Mine.  S.  by  nous  (affirm,  form). 

3.  Replace  the  present  by  the  past  indefinite. 

4.  Replace  Mine.  S.  by  //j,  and  the  present  by  the  future. 

5.  Replace  Mmc.  S.  by  vous,  and  the  present  by  the  preterit. 

6.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  ///,  and  the  present  by  the  imperfect  (interr. 

form) . 

7.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  je,  and  the  present  by  the  conditional. 


63.  Questions 

(Answers  in  the  Past  Indefinite) 

1.  Quand  les  passageres  se  sont  assises  dans  leurs  chaises 

sur  le  pont,  de  quoi  se  sont-elles  enveloppees  ? 

2.  Pourquoi  se  sont-elles  enveloppees  de  chales  ? 

3.  Ont-elles  eii  raison  ? 

4.  Alors  de  quoi  se  sont-elles  servies  ? 

5.  Pourquoi  s'en  sont-elles  servies? 

6.  Qu'ont-elles  pref ere  observer  ? 

7.  Quels  autres  amusements  ont-elles  eus  sur  le  bateau  ? 

8.  En  somme,  la  traversee  a-t-elle  ete  splendide  ? 

9.  N'est-il  survenu  ni  brouillard,  ni  tempete,  ni  naufrage  ? 

64.  Grammar  Drill 

1.  He  is  not  warm  ;  were  (pret.)  you  warm  ?  they  will  be 

warm. 

2.  Are  you  cold  ?  we  have  been  cold  ;  I  should  not  be  cold, 

3.  They  are  not  right ;  we  were  (imp.)  right ;  she  has  been 

right. 

4.  Do  they  sit  down?  we  sat  down  (pret.);  she  had  not 

sat  down  ;  you  will  sit  down ;  sit  down. 


EN   ROUTE!  37 

5.  He  serves  ;  were  they  serving  ?  they  had  served. 

6.  I  do  not  use  my  field  glass;   we  used  (pret.)  it;    will 

they  use  it  ? 

7.  We  read  ;  we  did  not  read  (pret.) ;  will  you  have  read  ? 

65.  Translation 

During  breakfast,  a  friend  of  yours  will  ask  you  :  "  What 
shall  you  do  this  morning  ?  "  "  I  shall  have  diversions  of 
all  kinds :  first,  I  shall  go  on  deck,  and  there  I  shall  read ; 
afterwards  I  shall  watch  the  captain  or  his  officers  walking l 
on  their  deck,  the  sailors  working,1  and  the  steerage  pas- 
sengers playing1  and  dancing.1  But  I  prefer  to  listen  to 
the  ladies  singing1  in  the  parlor."  "Shall  you  not  make  use 
of  your  field  glass  ? "  "  Of  course,2  I  shall  from  time  to  time 
make  use  of  it  to3  look  at  the  whales,  fish,  and  sea  gulls." 
"You  are  right;  and  in4  the  evening?"  "After  dinner, 
if  the  weather  is  fine,  we  shall  enjoy  the  splendid  sight  of 
the  setting  sun.  If  it  is  cold,  we  shall  sit  down  in  our 
chairs  on  the  deck  and  observe  the  stars,  the  sky,  and  the 
water."  "  Do  the  lady  passengers  use  their  lap  robes  and 
shawls?  "  "Yes,  they  use  them  to3  wrap  themselves  in5 
them,5  and  they  keep6  warm."  "Will  the  ocean  remain 
calm  and  the  sky  blue  the  whole  trip?"  "I  hope  so7; 
but  if  a  storm  arises,  you  will  see  the  high  waves  passing1 
over  the  ship,  and  we  shall  be  violently  tossed  about ;  the 
lady  passengers  will  be  afraid  of  shipwreck.8  If  there 
comes  a  fog,  you  will  hear  the  sound  of  the  fog  horns,  but 
you  will  see  nothing,  either  sailing  boats  or  steamers. 
However,  let  us  hope  that,  on  the  whole,  we  shall  have  a 
fine  passage." 

1  Infinitive.  3  in  order  to.  5  en.  7  it. 

2  bien  entendu.  4  Omit.  6  are.  8  Supply  a. 


38  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

EXERCISE   XIV 
66.  Text 

Translation  of  how  in  exclamations, .     Agreement  of  demi, . 

Irregular  verbs  :  couvrir, ;  oiwrir, ;  partir, ;  devoir 

like  recevoir, ;  entrevoir  like  voir, . 

Enfin  un  jour  retentit  le  cri :  terre  !  terre !  Qu'elle  est 
heureuse !  Bientot  elle  peut  entrevoir  le  debarcadere  tout 
couvert  de  monde.  La  voila  au  port.  C'est  au  milieu  du 
plus  grand  tumulte  qu'elle  debarque.  Comme  elle  a  pris 
la  precaution  de  faire  enregistrer  ses  bagages  directement 
pour  Paris,  elle  ne  doit  pas  les  ouvrir  a  la  douane.  Elle 
va  au  guichet  de  la  station  et  demande  a  I'employe :  "  A 
quelle  heure  le  premier  train  pour  Paris  part-il  ? "  "  II 
partira  dans  une  demi-heure."  "  Est-ce  un  express  ou  un 
train  omnibus  ?  "  "  C'est  un  express."  "  Direct  ?  "  "  Oui, 
vous  n'aurez  pas  a  changer  de  train."  "  Une  premiere 
pour  Paris."  "Aller  et  retour  ?  "  "  Seulement  aller." 
"  Trente-deux  francs,  soixante-quinze  centimes." 

67    Transposition 

From  the  beginning  to  "  A  quelle  heure  .  .  .  ?  " 

1 .  Replace  elle  by  vous. 

2.  Replace  elle  by  il  and  the  present  by  the  imperfect  indicative. 

3.  Replace  elle  by  vous  and  the  present  by  the  preterit. 

4.  Replace  elle  by  Us  and  the  present  by  the  future. 

5.  Replace  elle  by  je  and  the  present  by  the  future  perfect. 

6.  Replace  elle  by  nous  and  the  present  by  the  conditional. 

7.  Replace  elle  by  ///  and  the  present  by  the  conditional  perfect. 

68.  Questions 

1.  Un  jour,  qu'est-ce  qui  retentit? 

2.  Mme.  S.,  est-elle  heureuse  ? 

3.  Que  peut-elle  entrevoir  bientot? 


EN   ROUTE!  39 

4.  Au  milieu  de  quoi  debarque-t-elle  ? 

5.  Quelle  precaution  a-t-elle  prise? 

6.  Doit-elle  ouvrir  ses  bagages  a  la  douane  du  Havre? 

7.  Ou  va-t-elle  ? 

8.  Que  demande-t-elle  a  I'employe  ? 

9.  Que  lui  repond-il  ? 

10.  Aura-t-elle  a  changer  de  train  ? 

n.  Prend-elle  un  train  omnibus  ou  un  express? 

12.  Quelle  espece  de  billet  achete-t-elle  ? 

13.  Combien  coute  ce  billet? 

69.  Grammar  Drill 

1.  How  calm  the  ocean  is !    How  blue  the  water  is !    How 

high  the  waves  are ! 

2.  Does  he  not  open  ?  we  have  opened ;  I  have  shut  the 

windows  which  you  opened.1 

3.  We  leave  ;  they  left  (pret.);  she  has  not  gone  away. 

4.  They  must;  we  have  been  obliged2;  I  must  have2; 

we  shall  be  obliged ;  you  should  (condit.  of  devoir). 

5.  He  catches  a  glimpse  of;  we  caught  (pret.)  a  glimpse 

of ;  they  will  catch  a  glimpse  of. 

6.  She  covers;  they  were  covering;  the  chairs  which  they 

had  covered  .  .  . 

1  Past  indefinite.  2  Past  indefinite  of  devoir. 

70.  Translation 

On  the  whole,  the  voyage  has  been  very  fine ;  we  have 
read  novels,  played  on  the  piano,  listened  to  music,  sung, 
danced,  etc.  There  has  been  neither  storm,  nor  fog,  nor 
shipwreck.  Yet  how  happy  we  were l  when  at  last  the  cry, 
"  Land  !  land!"  resounded.1  Soon  many  people  thronged1 
the  deck  ;  some  passengers  used1  their  field  glasses  to  look 


40  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

at  the  coast.  There  is  France  !  We  have  caught  a  glimpse 
of  the  landing  place.  There  is  Havre!2  The  steamer 
slackened l  her  speed.  How  happy  all  the  passengers  were l 
on3  reaching  the  harbor  safe  and  sound!  We  hastened1 
to  land  in  the  midst  of  a  large  crowd ;  the  confusion  was 
very  great.  As  many  travelers  had  not  taken  the  pre- 
caution of  having  their  baggage  checked  directly  to  Paris, 
they  were l  obliged  to  open  their  trunks  and  valises  at  the 
custom-house.  We  went1  to  the  station  and  asked1  the  man 
at  the  ticket  office  for  first-class  tickets  to  Paris.  He  asked1 
us  :  "  Return  tickets  ?  "  "  No,  only  single  tickets ;  we  are 
going  to  Paris,  and  we  intend  to  take  the  first  train ;  but 
we  do  not  wish  to  travel  in  a  slow  train,  and  we  hope  we 
shall  not  have  to  change  cars.  At  what  time  will  the  ex- 
press leave  for  Paris  ?  "  "  The  through  train  will  leave  the 
station  in  an  hour  and  a  half."  And  he  gave1  us  oui 
tickets,  saying,4  "97  francs,  25." 

1  Past  indefinite.          2  Le  Havre.  3  de.          *  Supply  while  (en). 


EXERCISE    XV 
71.    Text 

Formation  of  the  tenses  of  the  subjunctive, .     Tenses  of  the  sub- 
junctive of  to  be, ;  of  to  have, ;  and  of  regular  verbs, . 

Use  of  the  subjunctive  after  impersonal  verbs, ;  after  negative 

or  interrogative  verbs. ;  after  verbs  expressing  will  or  emotion, 

;  and  after  certain  conjunctions, .    Use  of  the  tenses  of  the 

subjunctive. .      Irregular  verbs  :  falloir, ,  and  savoir, . 

Elle  se  procure  aussi  un  Indicateur  des  chemins  de  fer 
dans  lequel  elle  trouvera  tons  les  renseignements  dont  elle 
pourra  avoir  besoin  en  France.  Un  homme  de  service 
annonce  :  "  Messieurs  les  voyageurs  pour  Paris,  en  voiture ! 


EN    ROUTE!  41 

Par  ici,  la  quatrieme  voie  a  gauche."  Elle  s'installe  dans 
un  compartiment  reserve  aux  dames  et  met  ses  colis  dans 
le  filet.  Le  moment  est  venu  d'essayer  le  peu  de  frangais 
qu'elle  a  etudie  et  de  voir  si  elle  saura  se  tirer  facilement 
d'affaire.  Elle  adresse  plusieurs  questions  a  sa  voisine 
de  droite :  "  Pardon,  Madame,  auriez-vous  la  bonte  de  me 
dire  quel  est  ce  chateau  ?  A  quelle  gare  sommes-nous 
arrivees  ?  Le  soleil  vous  gene-t-il  ?  Voulez-vous  que  je 
baisse  le  store  ?  Pensez-vous  que  le  temps  soit  beau 
demain?"  etc.  A  Rouen,  il  faut  qu'elle  profite  d'un  quart 
d'heure  d'arret  pour  dejeuner  au  buffet. 

72.  Transposition 

i.    Replace  elle  by  vous. 

i.   Replace  the  present  and  the  future  by  the  imperfect  indicative 
and  elle  by  nous. 

3.  Replace  the  present  by  the  future  and  elle  by  je. 

4.  Replace  the  present  and  the  future  by  the  conditional  and  elle  by 

Us. 

73.  Questions 

1.  Que  nous  procurons-nous  ? 

2.  Qu'y  trouverons-nous  ? 

3.  L'homme  de  service,  qu'annonce-t-il  ? 

4.  Nous  installons-nous  dans  un  compartiment  reserve 

aux  dames  ?  (negative  answer). 

5.  Ou  mettons-nous  nos  colis  ? 

6.  Que  faut-il  que  nous  essayions  ? 

7.  Saurons-nous  nous  tirer  facilement  d'affaire  ? 

8.  Que  demanderons-nous  a  nos  voisins  de  gauche  et  de 

droite  ? 

9.  A  Rouen,  de  quoi  faut-il  que  nous  profitions  ? 

10.    Votre  voisine  desire-t-elle  que  vous  baissiez  les  stores 
pour  que  le  soleil  ne  la  gene  pas  ? 


42  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

74,  Grammar  Drill 

1.  She  had  come ;  they  will  have  arrived  (m.). 

2.  I  get  along;  you  got  (pret.)  along ;  will  they  not  get 

along?  we  know  how  to  get  along;  she  did  not  know 
how  to  get  along. 

3.  Are  you  in  need  of  money?  they  were  (pret.)  in  need 

of  it ;  she  will  be  in  need  of  information  ;  we  must l 
not  be  in  need  of  anything. 

4.  I  must  buy  several  novels  ;  he  must  step  into  the  car. 

5.  Do  you  hope  that  they  will  answer  you  ? 

6.  She  wishes  you  to2  choose  the  best  berth. 

7.  Do  you  wish  us  to  buy  a  Railroad  Guide  ? 

8.  I  give  you  all  this  information  in  order  that3  you  may4 

get  along  easily  in  France. 

9.  Does  your  neighbor  think  the  weather  will  be  cold  to- 

morrow ? 

1  //  is  necessary  that  we  (subjunctive).  8  See  73,  10. 

2  She  wishes  that  you  (subjunctive).  4  Omit. 

75.  Translation 

"If  you  should  visit1  France,  would  you  be  able2  to  get 
along  ?  What  would  you  do  there  ? "  "  I  should  profit  by 
all  the  information  which  you  have  given  me.  I  should 
not  travel  by  a  slow  train ;  I  should  take  the  express." 
"  When  would  you  try  the  little  French  you  have  studied  ? " 
11  At  the  ticket  office,  when  I  asked 3  the  man  on  duty : 
'Would  you  be  kind  enough  to  tell  me  at  what  time  the 
express  for  Paris  leaves  ?  On  what  track  shall  I  find  it  ? 
Must  I  change  cars  ? ' '  "  What  would  he  answer  you  ? " 
" '  This  way,  on  the  fifth  track  to  the  right ;  it  is  a  through 
train ;  it  will  leave  in  a  quarter  of  an  hour/  "  "When  would 
you  go  to  the  train  ?  "  "  When  I  heard3  the  man  on  duty 


EN   ROUTE!  43 

announcing:  'Rouen,  Paris,  all  aboard!'3'  "What  pre- 
cautions would  you  take  ? "  "I  should  get  a  Railroad 
Guide,  in  which  I  should  find  all  the  information  I  should 
need  during  my  trip.''  "  How  would  you  get  along  on  the 
way  ? "  "  I  should  listen  to  my  neighbors  and  ask  them 
many  questions:  'Excuse  me,  sir;  could4  you  tell  me 
what  is  this  fine  city  ?  What  is  this  large  castle  ?  How 
many  minutes  must  we  wait  at  the  next  station?  Will 
my  packages  be  in  your  way  ?  Must  I  put  them  in  the 
rack?  Do  you  think  we  shall  arrive  at  Paris  at  the  time5 
indicated  by  the  Railroad  Guide  ?  Shall  we  stop  half  an 
hour  at  Rouen  ?  Shall  we  be  able  to  have  our  breakfast  in 
the  dining  hall?  Does  the  sun  inconvenience  you?  Do 
you  wish  me  to  pull  down  the  blinds  ? '  I  should  get  along 
easily  in  France." 

1  Use  the  imperfect  indicative.  3  Use  the  conditional. 

a  Conditional  of  savoir.  *  Conditional  of  pouvoir. 

6  hour. 


EXERCISE   XVI 
76.    Text 

Review  the  same  rules  as  for  71.     Use  of  the  subjunctive  after  super- 
latives,   ,   and  verbs  expressing  fear, .     Use  of  ne,  . 

Irregular  verbs  :  plaire, ;  suffire^ ;  and  craindre, . 

Enfin  1'express  s'arrete  a  la  gare  Saint-Lazare,  la  plus 
vaste  qui  soit  a  Paris.  Mme.  S.  s'empresse  d'aller  a  la 
salle  des  bagages ;  elle  y  cherche  les  siens  :  les  voici. 
Maintenant,  il  faut  qu'elle  passe  a  la  douane :  elle  craint 
que  tous  ses  effets  n'y  soient  bouleverses.  Elle  tire  ses  clefs 
et  appelle  un  douanier  :  "  Monsieur,  veuillez  examiner  mes 
bagages."  "  Avez-vous  quelque  chose  a  declarer  ? "  "  Non, 


44  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

Monsieur."  "Rien  du  tout  ?  "  "  Absolument  rien."  "  Ou- 
vrez  cette  malle-ci,  s'il  vous  plait?"  "Voila,  Monsieur." 
"  Qu'y  a-t-il  dans  cette  valise-la  ?  "  "  Quelques  effets  et  mon 
necessaire  de  toilette."  "  Cela  suffit."  "  Je  vous  remercie." 
Elle  pense  que  c'est  rhomme  le  plus  aimable  qu'elle  ait 
jamais  rencontre.  La  visite  passee,  elle  ne  perd  pas  de 
temps  et  se  fait  conduire  a  une  pension  bourgeoise  que  des 
amis  lui  ont  recommandee. 

77.  Transposition 

1 .  Replace  Mine.  S.  by  les  voyageurs,  and  un  douanier  by  des  douaniers 

with  all  the  required  changes. 

2.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  tu,  un  douanier  by  des  douaniers,  and  the 

present  by  the  imperfect  of  the  indicative. 

3.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  nous,  un  douanier  by  des  douaniers,  and  the 

present  by  the  preterit. 

4.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  je  (fern.),  un  douanier  by  des  douaniers.  and 

the  present  by  the  past  indefinite. 

5.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  vous,  un  douanier  by  des  douaniers,  and  the 

present  by  the  future. 

78.  Questions 

1.  Ou  le  train  s'arrete-t-il  ? 

2.  Ou  Mme.  S.  s'empresse-t-elle  d'aller  ? 

3.  Qu'y  cherche-t-elle  ? 

4.  Les  y  trouve-t-elle  ? 

5.  Maintenant,  ou  faut-il  qu'elle  passe? 

6.  Que  craint-elle  ? 

7.  Que  tire-t-elle  ? 

8.  Qui  appelle-t-elle  ? 

9.  Quelle  question  lui  adresse-t-il  ? 
10.  Que  lui  repond-elle  ? 

ji.    Que  pense-t-elle  de  ce  douanier? 

12.  La  visite  passee,  ou  se  fait-elle  conduire? 

13.  Qui  la  lui  a  recommandee  ? 


EN   ROUTE!  45 

79.  Grammar  Drill 

1.  It   is  possible  that  the  custom-house  officers  will  not 

examine  our  luggage. 

2.  We  must  be  in l  Paris  this  evening. 

3.  Do  you  think  that  there  is  something  in  that  valise  ? 

4.  These  flowers  are  the  most  beautiful  that  we  have  ever 

seen. 

5.  Wait  till 2  you  hear  him  coming. 

6.  We  fear  they  will  upset  our  things. 

7.  I  want  him  to  look  for  the  keys  which  I   lost3  this 

morning. 

8.  We  shall  reach  the  station  at  a  quarter  to  nine  unless 4 

our  train  is  late. 

1  a.       2  that  (subj.).       3  Past  indefinite.      4  a  moins  que  .  .  .  ne  (subj.). 

80.  Translation 

"When  I  reach1  Paris  after  several  hours  of  travel, 
where  shall  I  go?'*  "You  must  not  lose  anytime:  ask 
a  man  on  duty  where  the  baggage  room  is ;  hurry  and 
look  there  for  your  trunks  and  valises.  When  you  have 
found  them,  call  a  custom-house  officer  to2  examine2  them. 
If  you  have  studied  a  little  French,  it  is  possible  that 
you  may3  get  along  easily.  Pull  out  your  keys,  for  he 
will  ask  you  to  open 4  your  trunks.  Tell  him  :  '  Sir,  would 
you  be  kind  enough  to  come  and 3  examine  my  luggage  ? ' 
'How  many  trunks  have  you?'  'I  have  two/  'Where 
are  they?'  '  Here  they  are.'  'Have  you  anything  duti- 
able ? '  '  Nothing  at  all,  absolutely  nothing.  Do  you  wish 
me  to  open  this  valise  ? '  '  No,  what  is  there  in  that  one, 
if  you  please  ? '  '  Look,  sir ;  here  are  my  dressing  case  and 
a  few  books.'  'And  in  this  trunk?'  'There  are  some 


46  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

linen,  clothes,  shoes,  hats,  etc/  'Do  you  fear  that  I  shall 
upset  your  things  ?  Please  show  them  to  me.'  'Wait  till 
I  find  the  key;  here  it  is.'  'That  will  do5.'  'Thanks.' 
You  will  leave  the  custom-house  office,  thinking  that  he 
is  the  kindest  man6  in7  the  world.  As  soon  as  the 
custom-house  inspection  is  over,  call  a  coachman  and  tell 
him  to  take  you  to  the  boarding  house  at  which  you  wish 
to  stop.  Have  your  friends  recommended  one8  to  you?" 
"  They  have,9  and  they  told 10  me  that  it  is  the  best  that 
they  have  ever  had." 

1  Use  the  future.  6  Supply  who  is  (subj.). 

2  in  order  that  he  may  examine  (subj.).  7  at. 

8  Omit.  8  Supply  en. 

*  that  you  open  (subj.).  9  yes. 

6  suffice.  10  Past  indefinite. 


EXERCISE   XVII 
81.  Text 

Review  the  same  rules  as  for  71  and  76.     Present  subjunctive  of  aller, 
faire,  pouvoir,  venir,  prendre. 

Le  lendemain,  Mme.  S.  voudra  visiter  Paris.  Elle  se 
promenera  sur  1'avenue  des  Champs-Elysees,  le  long  des 
boulevards  des  Capucines  et  des  Italiens,  sur  1'avenue  de 
1' Opera,  dans  la  rue  de  la  Paix,  dans  la  rue  de  Rivoli,  etc. 
Elle  admirera  les  places  de  la  Concorde,  de  1'Opera,  de  la 
Republique,  de  la  Bastille,  la  place  Vendome,  1'esplanade 
des  Invalides,  le  Champ  de  Mars,  les  monuments :  1'arc  de 
triomphe,  la  colonne  Vendome,  la  colonne  de  Juillet,  les 
portes  Saint-Denis  et  Saint-Martin,  les  jardins  des  Tuileries, 


EN    ROUTE! 


47 


du  Luxembourg,  du  Palais-Royal,  des  Plantes,  d'acclimata- 
tion,  etc.  Elle  verra  aussi  les  palais  de  1'Elysee,  de  1'In- 
stitut,  du  Luxembourg,  le  Palais-Royal,  1'hotel  des  Inva- 
lides,  T hotel  de  ville,  le  palais  de  justice,  le  grand  hopital : 
THotel-Dieu,  la  Sorbonne,  le  Pantheon  et  la  Bourse.  Elle 
visitera  les  fameux  magasins,  les  musees  du  Louvre,  du 
Luxembourg,  de  Cluny,  etc.,  la  Bibliotheque  Nationale,  la 
Chambre  des  Deputes,  les  Halles  Centrales,  le  bois  de 
Boulogne,  le  pare  Monceau,  beaucoup  d'eglises  :  Notre- 
Dame,  la  Madeleine,  etc.,  le  cimetiere  du  Pere-Lachaise, 
les  Catacombes  et  les  environs  de  Paris :  Versailles, 
Saint-Germain-en-Laye,  Fontainebleau,  etc.  Souvent  elle 
ira  a  1'Opera  ou  au  theatre :  a  la  Comedie  Franchise  et 
a  1'Odeon. 

En  un  mot,  elle  ne  manquera  pas  de  voir  tous  les  lieux 
d'interet  et  dans  les  lettres  qu'elle  ecrira  a  ses  chers 
parents,  elle  en  fera  une  description  enthousiaste. 

82.  Transposition 

1.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  nous,  and  the  future  by  the  present  of  the 

indicative  (interrogative  form). 

2.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  on,  and  the  future  by  the  imperfect  (interroga- 

tive form). 

3.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  //,  and  the  future  by  the  preterit  (interrogative 

form) . 

4.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  je,  and  the  future  by  the  past  indefinite  (inter- 

rogative form). 

5.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  tu,  and  the  future  by  the  pluperfect  (interroga- 

tive form). 

6.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  vous,  and  the  future  by  the  past  future  (inter- 

rogative form). 

7.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  //j,  and  the  future  by  the  conditional  (interrog- 

ative form). 

8.  Replace  Mme.  S.  by  elles,  and  the  future  by  the  past  conditional 

(interrogative  form). 


48  FRENCH    PROSE  COMPOSITION 

83.  Questions 

1.  Des  leur  arrivee,  que  voudront-ils  visiter? 

2.  Ou  se  promeneront-ils  ? 

3.  Qu'admireront-ils  ? 

4.  Que  verront-ils  ? 

5.  Que  visiteront-ils  ? 

6.  Ou  iront-ils  souvent  ? 

7.  Que  ne  manqueront-ils  pas  de  voir  ? 

8.  A  qui  ecriront-ils  ? 

9.  De  quoi  leur  feront-ils  une  description  enthousiaste  ? 

84.  Grammar  Drill 

1.  We  must  visit  all  the  churches  of  Paris. 

2.  Do  they  believe  that  the  suburbs  of  London1  are  finer 

than  those  of  Paris  ? 

3.  We  wish  him  to  lose  no  time  and  to  take  the  first  train. 

4.  You  must  come  to-morrow  unless  it  is2  too  cold. 

5.  Although3  we  are  very  tired,  he  wishes  us  to  go  to  the 

theater  this  evening. 

6.  He  fears  that  you  may 4  see  him. 

1  Londres.         2  Usefaire.        3  Bien  que  (subj.).         *  Use  pouvoir. 

85.  Translation 

PARIS,  May  I5,1  1899. 

DEAR  FRIEND:  On2  bidding  you  good-by,  I  told3  you 
that  I  would  write  you  long  letters  giving  you  a  descrip- 
tion of  the  places  of  interest  I  should  see ;  but  I  have  not 
been  able  to  do  so,4  for  I  am  very  tired  every  evening. 
As  you  recommended3  me,5  I  have  not  failed  to  visit  the 
stores,  churches,  museums,  palaces,  libraries,  hospitals, 
cemeteries,  markets,  and  suburbs  of  Paris.  I  have  taken 


EN   ROUTE!  49 

walks  on  the  boulevards,  avenues,  squares,  and  well- 
known6  streets,  in  the  parks  and  gardens,  and  I  have 
looked  at  the  monuments,  columns,  gates,  statues,  bridges, 
etc.  I  have  also  seen  the  Stock  Exchange,  the  City  Hall, 
the  Court  House  and  the  Catacombs.  I  cannot  give  you  a 
description  of  all  the  places  of  interest  which  I  have  vis- 
ited ;  my  letter  would  be  too  long.  In  short,  I  am  very 
enthusiastic,  and  I  believe  that  Paris  is  the  most  beautiful 
city  that  I  have  ever  visited.  I  do  not  need  to  tell  you 
that  I  have  enjoyed  myself  very  much  during  the  whole 
trip,  and  I  must  thank  you  for7  the  information  you  had3 
the  kindness  to  give  me.  Do  not  forget  to  present  my 
best  regards  to  your  family.  Answer  me  soon,  and  send 
your  letter  to  the  address  of  the  family  boarding  house 
which  you  recommended3  me. 

Very  sincerely  yours,8 


15  mai.  8  Past  indefinite.  5  it  to  me.  7  of. 

4  it.  6  Supply  in  the.  s  Bien  a  vous. 

FR.   PROSE  COMP.  —  4 


PART    II 

LES   QUATRE   LANGUES 

EXERCISE   XVIII 

86.  Text 

Les  parents  du  jeune  Edmond  de  Grandpre  possedaient, 
il  y  a  longtemps,  une  des  plus  belles  terres  du  Dauphine. 
Bien  qu'ignorant  les  langues  etrangeres,  ils  avaient  com- 
pris  de  quelle  utilite  cette  etude  pourrait  etre  a  leur  enfant. 
"  Nul  homme  an  monde  ne  salt  quel  sort  1'avenir  lui  re- 
serve," disait  souvent  le  baron  de  Grandpre.  "Je  veux 
que  mon  fils,  au  cas  qu'il  lui  faille  un  jour  voyager,  ne  se 
sente  etranger  dans  aucun  pays.  Je  me  souviens  de  1'em- 
barras  dans  lequel  je  me  vis  parce  que  je  ne  savais  pas 
rallemand  lorsque  je  fus  prisonnier  en  Prusse  pendant  la 
guerre  de  Sept  ans." 

87.  Translation 

Edmund  is  the  young  son  of  Baron1  de  Grandpre.  His 
parents  own  a  fine  estate  in2  Dauphine.1  Many  years  ago, 
during  the  Seven  Years'  War,  the  baron  was  a  prisoner  in 
Prussia;  he  found  himself  very  much  embarrassed3  there, 
because  he  did  not  understand  German  at  all.  We  remem- 
ber what  he  used  to  tell  us:  "Although  we  do  not  know4 
foreign  languages,  we  must  make  our  children  under- 
stand5 their  great  usefulness,  because  we  do  not  know 
what  destiny  the  future  may  have  in  store  for  them  :  no 

50 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  51 

man  on  earth  knows  it.  We  wish  them  to  study4  foreign 
languages  in  order  that  they  may6  not  find  themselves 
embarrassed  in  case  they  have  one  day  to  travel.  Who 
knows  their  future  destiny  ?  They  must  not  be  strangers 
in  any  country  in7  the  world.  The  study  of  foreign  lan- 
guages is  of  the  greatest  usefulness,  and  we  wish  our 
children  to  know  them." 

1  Supply  the.  *  Subjunctive. 

2  dans.  5  make  understand  to  our  children. 

3  in  the  greatest  embarrassment.          6  Omit.  7  of. 


EXERCISE   XIX 
88.    Text 

Dou6  de  dispositions  heureuses,  Edmond  profita  rapide- 
ment  des  lemons  des  habiles  maitres  charge's  de  son  instruc- 
tion. A  quatorze  ans,  il  lisait  deja  les  charmantes  fables 
de  Lessing,  1'Histoire  d'Angleterre  de  Hume  et  les  beaux 
drames  lyriques  de  M^tastase,  ce  po£te  italien  au  langage 
si  harmonieux.  II  s'exprimait  deja  couramment  dans  les 
trois  langues,  et,  sans  parler  de  sa  langue  maternelle  qu'il 
savait  tres  bien  pour  un  gargon  de  son  age,  il  etait  en  etat 
d'ecrire  presque  sans  faute  une  lettre  en  italien,  en  alle- 
mand  ou  en  anglais. 

89.  Translation 

The  masters  intrusted  with  the  instruction  of  the 
baron's  son  are  very  able,  and  know  many  foreign  lan- 
guages. They  can  express  themselves  fluently  in  Ger- 
man, Italian,  and  English,  without  mentioning  their  native 
tongue,  which  they  know  very  well.  Edmund  is  a  boy 
of  good  ability,  and  will  be  able  to  profit  quickly  by  the 
Jessons  of  his  able  masters.  At  the  age  of  fourteen  he 


52  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

has  already  read  Hume,  Metastasio,  and  Lessing.  You 
know  that  Hume  is  an  English  historian1:  he  has  written 
a  History  of  England.  Lessing  is  a  German  poet  whose 
charming  fables  you  have  read,2  and  Metastasio  is  the 
Italian  poet  whose  lyric  dramas  are  so  beautiful.  Edmund 
is  also  able  to  write  almost  without  a  mistake  long  letters 
in  English,  German,  and  Italian.  Of  all  the  foreign  lan- 
guages, he  thinks  the  Italian  is  the  most  harmonious. 

1  historian.  2  of  whom  you  have  read  the  charming  fables. 


EXERCISE   XX 
90,   Text 

Sur  ces  entrefaites,  la  Revolution  eclata.  Le  baron  de 
Grandpre  ne  pouvait  croire  que  la  tourmente  politique  dut 
arriver  jusqu'a  ses  montagnes.  Averti  qu'on  avait  rendu 
contre  lui  un  decret  de  proscription  et  que  d'un  moment  a 
1'autre  il  serait  jete  en  prison,  il  fut  contraint  de  fuir  avec 
sa  femme  et  son  fils  et  gagna  en  toute  hate  les  frontieres 
du  Piemont  sans  avoir  pu  emporter  d'autre  argent  que  le 
peu  qu'il  avait  sur  lui.  Les  proscrits  n'eurent  pas  meme 
la  consolation  de  dire  a  leur  famille  un  dernier  adieu. 

91.   Translation 

They *  pronounce  a  sentence  of  proscription  against 
the  baron  and  his  family  when  the  revolution  breaks  out. 
Friends  hastily  notify  them2:  they  fear  to3  be  thrown 
into  prison  at  any  moment,  and  they  must  quickly  gain 
the  frontier.  They  can  carry  away  only  4  the  little  money 
they  have  about  them.  The  political  storm  has  reached 
them  and  has  swept  away  what  they  possessed.  What 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  53 

destiny  has  the  future  in  store  for  these  poor  exiles  ? 
Revolution  forces  them  to  fly  in  haste  from  their  moun- 
tains, without  even  having  the  consolation  of  bidding  a 
last  good-by  to  their  best  friends.  They  cannot  believe 
that  they  must  leave  their  estate.  Meanwhile  they  gain 
Piedmont,  but  they  are  unable  to  speak  Italian,  and  they 
find  themselves  very  much  embarrassed :  they  did  not 
understand  the  great  usefulness  of  the  study  of  foreign 
languages  when  they  were  young;  they  did  not  believe 
that  they  would  need  them,  and  they  did  not  study  them. 

1  on.  2  Supply  of  it.  3  de.  4  ne  .  .  .  que. 


EXERCISE   XXI 
92.   Text 

D'abord  le  baron  et  la  baronne  de  Grandpre  s'etaient 
rendus  a  Turin  pour  y  attendre  des  temps  meilleurs.  Ce- 
pendant,  apres  avoir  regu  un  peu  d'argent  que  quelques- 
uns  de  leurs  amis  avaient  eu  le  courage  de  leur  envoyer  de 
France,  ils  quitterent  cette  ville  pour  aller  se  fixer  a  Rome. 
Mais  avant  d'atteindre  ce  but,  il  leur  fallut  traverser  une 
grande  partie  de  1' Italic. 

93.  Translation 

When  they  arrived  at  the  frontiers  of  Piedmont,  the 
baron  said  to  his  wife :  "  We  are  banished  :  the  political 
storm  has  obliged  us  to  leave  our  castle  and  to  bid  a  last 
farewell  to  our  country.  First,  I  shall  wait  for  the  money 
that  some  of  our  friends  are  going  to  send  us.  Then,  after 
receiving  it,  we  shall  betake  ourselves  to  Rome,  where  I 
intend  to  settle.  We  must  cross  a  part  of  Italy:  it  will  be 

.<^TB  R  A  ft**?^^ 

OF  THE 

TY 


54  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

a  long  journey.  We  cannot  travel  fast,1  because  we  shall 
have  little  money.  But  we  must  not  lose  courage ;  we 
shall  reach  our  goal.  From  Turin,  we  shall  send  long  let- 
ters to  the  friends  whom  we  have  not  had  the  consolation 
of  seeing  before  departing.  As  soon  as  we  reach2  Rome, 
we  shall  settle  there  and  wait  till3  the  times  are  better." 

1  vite.  2  Use  the  future.  3  that  (subjunctive). 


EXERCISE   XXII 
94.  Text 

Pendant  ce  voyage,  Edmond  servit  d'interprete  a  ses 
parents ;  il  s'estimait  heureux  de  pouvoir  leur  payer  ainsi 
1'education  qu'il  avait  regue  d^eux  mais  il  se  gardait  bien 
de  s'enorgueillir  du  service  qu'il  leur  rendait.  A  chaque 
instant,  il  se  felicitait  d'avoir  appris  1'italien  avec  tant  de 
soin  et  avec  des  resultats  si  avantageux. 

95.  Translation 

Thus  the  exiles  passed  through  the  greater  part  of  Italy, 
but  they  did  not  travel  fast,  because  they  had  only  a  little 
money.  As  they  did  not  understand  the  language  of  the 
country  in  which  they  were,  they  would  have  found  them- 
selves very  much  embarrassed  but  for1  their  son,  who 
served  them  as  interpreter.  The  education  they  had  given 
him  was  very  good  :  he  had  had  able  teachers,  had  profited 
by  the  lessons  he  had  received,  and  had  learned  several 
foreign  languages.  He  spoke  Italian  fluently.  He  felt 
proud  to  be  able  to  serve  as  interpreter  to  his  parents. 
The  baron  and  the  baroness  used  to  say  to  each  other:2 
"  We  must  consider  ourselves  happy  to  have  given  our  son 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  55 

an  education  with  such  good  results.  Let  us  congratulate 
ourselves  upon  having  so  good  a3  child.  He  expresses 
himself  in  Italian  with  such  care  that  one  would  believe 
that  it  is  his  native  tongue.  Let  us  take  good  care  not  to 
forget  the  great  service  he  renders  us."  And  they  felt4 
proud  of  their  son's  education, 

^•without.  2  se.  3  a  so  good.  4  were  feeling. 


EXERCISE   XXIII 
96.    Text 

Vu  I'exigui'te  de  leurs  ressources,  les  pauvres  emigres 
frangais  voyageaient  avec  les  rouliers  qui  allaient  d'une 
ville  a  1'autre.  D'ordinaire,  le  voiturier  dans  le  chariot 
duquel  ils  se  trouvaient,  chantait  a  tue-tete  sur  son  siege, 
tout  en  activant  1'allure  trop  lente  de  ses  chevaux.  Un 
jour,  le  soleil  etait  pr£s  de  disparaitre  a  1' horizon  et  les 
voyageurs  commengaient  a  soupirer  apres  leur  repas  du 
soir,  le  baron  surtout  qui  etait  doue  d'un  vigoureux  appe- 
tit,  lorsqu'ils  apergurent  1'auberge  ou  ils  devaient  se 
restaurer  et  passer  la  nuit. 

97.   Translation 

When  the  French  exiles  went  from  Turin  to  Rome,  they 
traveled  with  a  teamster  and  his  son.  The  gait  of  his 
horses  was  very  slow.  They  were  going  from  town  to 
town.  Usually  they  took  their  meals  and  spent  the  night 
at  small  inns,  on  account  of  the  slenderness  of  their  purse. 
The  teamster  in  whose  cart  they  were  traveling  and  his 
son  were  on  the  seat ;  they  used  to  sing  in  Italian  as  loud 
as  they  could;  but  the  French  emigrants  did  not  sing: 


56  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

they  were  poor  and  they  were  compelled  to  settle  in  a 
foreign  country  whose  language1  they  did  not  know. 
What  a  future !  What  a  destiny  !  While  singing,  the 
Italian  hastened2  the  pace  of  his  horses.  One  day  they 
were  about  to  reach  the  inn  where  they  were  to  spend 
the  night  when  the  sun  disappeared  below  the  horizon. 
Night  was  coming  fast  and  they  were  longing  for  their 
supper,  for  they  had  received  from  nature  a  vigorous  appe- 
tite, the  teamster  especially. 

1  of  which,  they  did  not  know  the  language.  2  Use  the  imperfect. 


EXERCISE   XXIV 
98.  Text 

Mais  elle  etait  deja  tellement  remplie  que  1'hote  et 
I'hotesse  avaient  grand'peine  a  contenter  tout  le  monde. 
L'arrivee  de  nouveaux  voyageurs  ne  fit  qu'augmenter 
1'embarras.  Le  roulier  demandait  le  souper  a  grands  cris ; 
mais  voyant  qu'on  ne  le  servait  .pas  avec  une  prompti- 
tude egale  a  son  impatience,  il  s'empara  d'un  fourneau, 
mit  habit  bas,  retroussa  ses  manches  de  chemise  et  se  mit 
en  devoir  de  preparer  du  macaroni. 

99.  Translation 

They  see  the  inn  where  they  are  to  have  their  meal. 
They  arrive  and  call  loudly  for  their  supper,  especially  the 
teamster.  The  hostess,  perceiving  their  impatience,  says 
to  them :  "  You  see  that  our  inn  is  already  filled  with l 
travelers  who  must  spend  the  night  here.2  We  have 
already  great  trouble  in  serving  them.  Your  cries  only 
contribute  to  increase  our  difficulties.  We  cannot  pre- 
pare your  supper  quickly.  I  see  you  are  very  hungry, 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  57 

especially  the  teamster's  son,  who  is  longing  for  his 
supper,  but  you  must  wait  till  the  other  travelers  have 
had  their  meal.8  "  But  the  host  hastily  comes  to  satisfy 
them,  and  says  to  the  teamster :  "  Come,4  my  friend,  you 
know  how  5  to  5  prepare  macaroni.  If  your  appetite  is  as 
great  as  your  impatience,  take  off  your  coat,  tuck  up  your 
shirt  sleeves,  take  possession  of  a  stove,  and  set  about  pre- 
paring macaroni  for  your  traveling  companions  and  your- 
self." 

1  of.  2  y.  8  se  restaurer.  4  let  us  see.  5  Omit. 


EXERCISE   XXV 
100.   Text 

Le  repas  termine",  la  plus  grave  difficult^  se  presenta 
pour  1'aubergiste :  c'etait  de  fournir  des  lits  a  tant  de  voy- 
ageurs.  Les  premiers  arrives  s'e'taient  empares  de  toutes 
les  chambres  de  la  maison.  Le  roulier  s'installa  du  mieux 
qu'il  put  dans  la  salle  commune,  et  les  emigre's  frangais 
durent  se  rendre  dans  une  petite  fabrique  attenant  a 
1'auberge,  ou  quelques  mauvais  lits  avaient  ete  prepares 
a  la  hate  avec  des  matelas  qui  contenaient  plus  de  paille 
que  de  laine. 

101.  Translation 

The  beds  of  the  inn  were  very  bad ;  they *  had  prepared 
them  hastily.  The  innkeeper's  wife  had  put  some  in  all 
the  rooms  of  the  house,  in  the  large  hall,  and  in  a  factory 
adjoining  the  inn.  In  their  mattresses  there  was  much 
more  straw  than  wool.  When  the  meal  was  over,  the 
teamster  said  to  his  traveling  companions:  "A  great 
difficulty  arises ;  as  we  are  not  the  first  comers,  we  must 
install  ourselves  as  well  as  we  can.  My  son  and  I  2  will 


58  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

take  possession  of  a  bed  in  the  large  hall  where  there  are 
already  so  many  guests.  The  innkeeper  wants  you  to  go 
to  the  small  factory  close  to  the  house ;  there  they l  will 
supply  you  with  mattresses  and  you  will  install  yourselves 
as  well  as  you  can.3  The  mattresses  are  filled  only  with 
straw,  but  an  innkeeper  has  great  trouble  in  satisfying 
everybody.  The  first  comers  have  taken  possession  of  the 
mattresses  which  contain  wool.  The  host  cannot  provide 
with  comfortable  beds  the  numerous  travelers  who  fill  his 
inn." 

1  on.  2  Insert  we.  8  Use  the  future. 


1 

EXERCISE   XXVI 

102,  Text 

Leur  chambre  n'etait  separee  de  la  piece  voisine  que  par 
une  mince  cloison  en  planches.  A  peine  nos  voyageurs 
se  furent-ils  mis  au  lit  qu'ils  entendirent  la  voix  de  deux 
hommes  de  1'autre  cote  de  la  cloison.  Le  baron  et  la 
baronne,  fatigues  du  voyage  et  ne  comprenant  pas  d'ail- 
leurs  ce  que  se  disaient  ces  hommes,  n'ecouterent  pas  et 
ne  tarderent  pas  a  s'endormir.  Edmond,  au  contraire,  ne 
perdit  pas  une  seule  parole,  et  quelques  expressions  qui 
echapperent  a  ses  voisins,  le  frapperent  assez  pour  le  tenir 
eveille. 

103.  Translation 

During  the  night,  Edmund  awoke  the  baron  and  said 
to  him  :  "  You  remember  that  after  supper  we  went1  to  our 
room.  You  were  very  much2  fatigued  by  the  journey  and 
you  soon3  went  to  bed.  You  were  sleepy  and  scarcely 
had  you  lain  down  when  you  fell  asleep.  I  also  was  about 
to  fall  asleep  on  my  miserable  bed  when  I  heard  two  men 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  59 

talking  on  the  other  side  of  the  thin  partition  which  sepa- 
rates the  next  room  from  ours.  Our  neighbors  continued 
to  talk  and  their  voices  4  kept  me  awake.  I  would  have 
rapped  at  the  board  partition  if  I  had  not  been  afraid  of 
awakening  you.  Besides,  no  sooner  had  I  understood  a 
few  words  than  I  set  about  listening  to  what  they  were 
saying  to  each  other.  I  did  not  lose  a  single  one2  of 
their  expressions ;  nothing  escaped  me ;  on  the  contrary, 
I  understood  everything  5  they  said,  although 6  they  spoke 
very  fast. 

1  we  betook  ourselves  ...      3  you  did  not  delay  in  .  .  .     5  Insert  that  which. 

2  Omit.  *  Use  the  singular.  6  See  84,  5. 


EXERCISE   XXVII 
104.  Text 

"Ne  parle  pas  si  haut  de  peur  qu'on  ne  t'entende," 
disait  Tun  d'eux  a  son  compagnon.  "  Eh !  qu'importe  ?  " 
repondit  celui-ci,  "les  Frangais  qui  sont  a  c6t6  de  nous,  ne 
connaissent  pas  un  mot  d'italien,  je  m'en  suis  assure.  Ne 
crains  done  rien ;  nous  pouvons  nous  entretenir  de  notre 
affaire  a  notre  aise."  Immobile  dans  son  lit,  Edmond  con- 
tinua  a  preter  une  oreille  attentive.  Des  le  commence- 
ment, il  avait  devine  les  intentions  de  ces  deux  hommes. 
N6anmoins,  au  lieu  de  crier,  il  se  contint  avec  un  sang- 
froid au-dessus  de  son  age. 

105.  Translation 

I  was  not  long  in  guessing  their  intentions.  From  the 
very  first  I  listened  attentively  to  every  one  of  their  words 
and  I  took  good  care  not  to a  rap  at  the  partition.  One  of 
them  said :  "  Let  us  not  speak  so  loud,  lest  our  neighbors 


60  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

should  listen  to  what  we  say."  The  other  answered  him  : 
"  Never  mind!  I  can  talk  to  you2  about  that  affair  with 
perfect  freedom.  We  have  nothing  to  3  fear ;  they  would 
not  understand  us  if  they  should  hear  us."  The  baron 
said  to  his  son:  "Edmund,  I  want  you2  not  to  speak  so 
loud  ;  I  am  afraid  you4  will  awaken  your5  mother.  Go  on, 
now."  "The  two  men  who  are  in  the  next  room  are 
Italians  and  think  that  we  do  not  know  a  single  word  of 
their  native  tongue.  Instead  of  rapping  at  the  partition, 
I  remained  motionless  in  my  poor  bed,  for  I  restrained 
myself  as  well  as  I  could ;  I  did  not  cry  and  they  kept  on 
talking  together."  "  My  son,"  said  the  baron,  "I  congratu- 
late you2  upon  possessing6  a  coolness  beyond  your5  age." 
"Nevermind!"  Edmund  answered;  "I  understood  I  could 
render  you  a  great  service.  However,  I  do  not  boast  of  it. 
I  came  and 7  awoke 8  you  after  assuring  myself  that  they 
had  fallen  asleep." 

1  se  garder  bien  de.  3  k.  5  thy.  7  Omit. 

2  thee.  4  thou.  6  Stre  doue  de.        8  Infinitive. 


EXERCISE   XXVIII 
106.   Text 

Un  bruit  de  bouteilles,  accompagnant  la  conversation 
des  deux  interlocuteurs,  annongait  qu'ils  se  donnaient  du 
courage,  le  verre  a  la  main.  A  mesure  qu'ils  buvaient,  ils 
s'exprimaient  avec  plus  d'abandon  et  de  franchise.  L'un 
d'eux  reprit :  "  Ils  partiront  demain  matin  au  point  du 
jour ;  avant  d'arriver  au  village  voisin,  la  route  fait  un 
coude  a  la  lisiere  du  bois  ;  nous  irons  nous  poster  a  cet 
endroit-la :  il  n'y  en  a  pas  de  meilleur."  "Mais  s'ils  se 
defendent  ? " 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  6 1 

107.  Translation 

I  did  not  lose  a  word  of  the  talk  of  the  two  travelers 
who  are  in  the  room  adjoining  ours.  One  of  them  said 
to  his  companion  :  "  Let  us  raise  our  courage  by  having  a 
drink."  The  other  asked  him:  "Where  shall  we  go  and 
take  our  stand  ?  "  "  Can't  you  guess  ?  We  will  place  our- 
selves at  the  edge  of  the  wood,  where  there  is  a  bend  in 
the  road  before  reaching  the  next  village ;  there  is  not  a 
better  spot  in  the  whole  country."  "  At  what  time  shall 
we  start?"  "  At  daybreak  to-morrow  morning,  before1 
the  travelers  get  up."  "  But  suppose  they  should  cry 
out  ?  Are  you  not  afraid  that  they  will  defend  them- 
selves?" "No,  they  are  strangers,  who  do  not  speak 
Italian  ;  they  are  French  emigrants ;  they  will  lose  their 
presence  of  mind,  and  will  not  defend  themselves.  Don't 
be  afraid."  I  heard  a  noise  of  bottles ;  the  two  speakers 
drank,  and  continued  to  express  themselves  more  loudly ; 
for  you  know  that  the  more  people2  drink,  the  more 
freely  and  unconstrainedly  they2  talk. 

1  avant  que  (subjunctive).  2  on. 


EXERCISE   XXIX 
108.  Text 

"  Bah  !  sois  done  tranquille  ;  ils  n'ont  pas  d'armes.  Us 
pensent  qu'ils  n'en  ont  pas  besoin  et  quand  meme  ils  en 
auraient,  ils  seront  saisis  de  stupeur.  Nous  tirerons  deux 
ou  trois  coups  de  pistolet  et  ce  sera  une  affaire  termin^e. 
Alors  tout  nous  appartiendra.  .  .  .  Quelle  bonne  prise  !  " 
Les  deux  miserables  cesserent  de  parler;  Tun  d'eux  se 
coucha  et  s'endormit ;  1'autre  se  mit  a  marcher  de  long  en 
large. 


62  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

109.  Translation 

One  of  the  wretches  went  on  :  "  Let  us  stop  drinking 
and  talking.  We  are  tired;  let  us  go  to  bed  and  sleep.  To- 
morrow we  shall  need  all  our  coolness  and  our  courage." 
But  the  other  asked  him  :  "  I  am  afraid  they  have  pistols, 
or  other  weapons.  Suppose  they  should  begin  to  fire  or 
to  make  an  outcry?  Suppose  they  should  defend  them- 
selves?" "  Pshaw !  You  may  set  your  mind  at  ease," 
answered  his  companion ;  "  I  have  assured  myself  that 
those  emigrants  have  no  pistols.  Besides,  I  also  heard 
the  teamster  say  to  his  son  that  they  would  leave  at 
daybreak.  The  affair  will  be  .settled  in 1  a  moment.  We 
have  good  arms.  I  shall  walk  up  and  down  the2  road 
where  there  is  a  bend ;  you  will  lie  in  ambush  at  the  edge 
of  the  wood.  When  the  teamster,  in  whose  cart  they 
travel,  arrives  at  that  place,  you  will  fire  two  or  three  shots. 
I  shall  speak  to  them  frankly,  and  tell  them  :  '  My  friend 
and  I  are  robbers3;  you  have  no  weapons.  Instead  of 
shouting,  give  me  all  the  money  you  have  about  you.' 
Taken  by  surprise,  the  travelers  will  not  fire,  even  if  they 
have  pistols ;  they  will  not  cry,  and  will  not  defend  them- 
selves ;  they  will  give  us  all  that  belongs  to  them.  We 
shall  make  a  good  capture,  and  we  shall  congratulate  our- 
selves on  our  coolness.  What  a  good  affair  !  " 

1  en.  2  Supply  on.  3  voleur. 


EXERCISE    XXX 
110.   Text 


Edmond  se  dirigea  a  tatons  vers  son  pere  et  1'eveilla : 
"  Mon  pere,"  lui  dit-il  a  voix  basse,  "  il  y  a  deux  brigands 
plans  la  chambre  a  cote ;  ils  veulent  nous  attendre  demain 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  63 

matin  au  detour  de  la  route,  au  coin  d'un  bois,  pour  nous 
assassiner  et  nous  depouiller."  Monsieur  de  Grandpre 
resta  un  moment  pensif,  reflechissant  au  parti  qu'il  devait 
prendre.;  puis  il  se  leva :  "  Viens  avec  moi,  dit-il,  mon  cher 
fils ;  viens  et  surtout  fais  le  moins  de  bruit  possible." 

111.  Translation 

The  baron  and  his  son  remained  thoughtful  a  moment. 
Then  Mr.  de  Grandpre  said  in  a  low  voice  :  "  Let  us  make 
as  little  noise  as  possible  so  as  not  to1  awaken  your 
mother,  and  let  us  consider  the  plan  we  must  adopt.  Did 
you  well  understand  the  conversation  of  these  two  rob- 
bers ?  Will  the  rascals  who  are  in  the  next  room  wait  for 
us  to-morrow  morning  at  the  corner  of  a  wood  to  get 
possession  of  the  little  money  we  have  about  us?  "  "Yes," 
replied  Edmund,  "  I  feel  very  proud  of  being  able  to  ren- 
der a  great  service  to  you.  You  must  get  up ;  we  will  go 
and  awaken  the  innkeeper."  "  My  dear  son,"  said  the 
baron,  "you  possess  a  coolness  beyond  your  age."  The 
child  continued:  "As  soon  as  the  robbers  stopped  talking 
and  fell  asleep,  I  got  up  and  groped  my  way  to  your  bed 
to  awaken  you.  The  wretches  did  not  speak  in  a  low 
voice ;  in  proportion  as  they  raised  their  courage,  by 
drinking,  they  expressed  themselves  with  more  uncon- 
straint.  Besides,  they  did  not  know  that  I  understood 
Italian,  and  I  did  not  miss  a  word  of  all  they  said  to  each 
other.  Finally,  one  of  them  said  to  the  other:  'You 
will  come  with  me  at  daybreak ;  we  will  wait  for  them  at 
the  turn  of  the  road,  and  rob  them.  If  they  defend  them- 
selves, we  shall  murder  them,  and  that  will  settle  the 
business/  What  wretches  !  " 

1  de  peur  de. 


64  FRENCH    PROSE  COMPOSITION 

EXERCISE   XXXI 
112.    Text 

Le  baron  et  son  fils  se  dirigerent  vers  1'auberge ;  ils 
frapperent  a  la  porte.  L'hote  vint  ouvrir  et  leur  demanda 
ce  qu'ils  voulaient  ainsi  au  milieu  de  la  nuit.  Edmond 
lui  raconta  tout.  "  Mais  que  faire  ?  "  s'ecria  1'aubergiste, 
epouvante  a  1'idee  d'avoir  recueilli  des  assassins  chez  lui. 
"  N'y  a-t-il  pas  un  poste  de  police  dans  le  voisinage  ? " 
demanda  M.  de  Grandpre.  "  Oui,  monsieur,  a  une  lieue 
d'ici."  "  Eh  bien !  faites  monter  tout  de  suite  quelqu'un 
a  cheval,  ou  plutot,  allez-y  vous-meme ;  courez  a  bride 
abattue  avertir  la  force  armee." 

113.  Translation 

They  make  as  little  noise  as  possible  in  order  to 
awaken  nobody,  especially  the  robbers  who  sleep  in  the 
room  close  to  theirs.  Groping  their  way  towards  the  inn, 
they  awaken  their  host  and  hostess  by1  knocking  at  the 
door.  Terrified,  the  innkeeper  listens  with  an  attentive 
ear,  remains  a  moment  thoughtful,  and  asks  his  wife : 
"Who  is  rapping  thus  at  our  door  in  the  middle  of  the 
night?  You2  must  come  with  me  to  open  the  door." 
They  reflect  a  moment  upon  the  resolution  they  must 
take.  Then  they  come  to  the  door  and  ask :  "  What  do 
you  want  thus  in  the  middle  of  the  night?"  Edmund, 
who  serves  as  interpreter  to  his  father,  at  once  replies 
in  Italian :  "  Open  the  door  and  make  as  little  noise  as 
possible.  You  need  not  be  frightened.  You  have  shel- 
tered murderers  in  your  house.  Do  not  delay  opening 
the  door  and  I  shall  tell  you  everything."  "  Murderers  !  " 
exclaims  the  hostess,  "what  shall  we  do3?  What  plan 
shall  we  adopt3?"  Then  the  host  opens  the  door  and 


LES  QUATRE   LANGUES  65 

says :  "  I  have  a  good  idea ;  there  is  a  police  station 
in  the  next  village,  two  leagues  from  here.  Rather  than 
go4  there  myself,  I  am  going  to  awaken  the  teamster 
and  I  will  have  him  mount  on  horseback  to  go  and 
warn  the  police."  Edmund  answers  him:  "Take  care 
not  to  awaken  the  other  travelers;  are  there  horses  in 
the  neighborhood  ?  give  me  one  and  I  will  go  myself. 
I  will  make  him  run  at  full  speed  and  I  will  relate  to 
the  police  all  I  heard." 

1  en.  3  Use  the  infinitive  without  preposition. 

2  thou.  4  Supply  de. 


EXERCISE  XXXII 
114.  Text 

Quelques  minutes  apres,  1'hote  galopait  vers  le  bourg 
voisir^  Le  baron  £tait  retourne  dans  sa  chambre  avec 
Edmond,  tous  deux  gardant  le  plus  profond  silence. 
Us  ne  se  rendormirent  pas  et  une  heure  plus  tard,  ils 
entendirent  leurs  voisins  descendre  1'escalier.  Les  deux 
brigands  trouverent  dans  la  cour  1'aubergiste  qui  etait 
deja  revenu,  lui  payerent  leur  note  et  partirent. 

115.  Translation 

Edmund,  having  adopted  this  plan,  mounted  on  horse- 
back in  the  court  of  the  inn  and  said  to  them  :  "  Keep 
the  greatest  silence ;  make  as  little  noise  as  possible  when 
you  go  back  to  your  rooms.  I  shall  not  make  the  horse 
gallop  :  he  will  run  at  full  speed."  But  his  father  said  to 
him  :  "You  do  not  know  the  way;  I  fear  you  will  lose  your- 
self." "Do  not  fear  anything,"  he  replied;  "I  shall  find 
the  police  station  in  the  neighboring  town,  which  is  five  or 

FR.   PROSE   COMP.  —  5 


66  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

six  miles1  away  from  here,  and  I  shall  inform  the  police2 
that  there  are  two  murderers  in  this  inn.  Set  your  mind 
at  ease;  I  shall  come  back  at  once."  The  young  boy 
went  away,  and  a  few  minutes  later  they  could  hear  the 
horse  running  at  full  speed.  The  hostess,  the  host,  and 
the  baron  returned  to  their  rooms  and  made  as  little  noise 
as  possible.  Mr.  de  Grandpre  did  not  fall  asleep  again, 
and  one  hour  later  the  robbers  opened  the  door  of  their 
room.  Both  went  down  the  stairs,  groping  their  way  in 
the  deepest  silence,  so  as  not  to  awaken  their  neighbors. 
The  baron  heard  them  leaving  without  paying  their  bills. 
The  innkeeper  was  not  in  the  court  and  Edmund  had  not 
yet  returned. 

1  mille.  2  la  force  armee. 


EXERCISE  XXXIII 
116.  Text 

L'aube  venait  de  paraitre  quand  le  voiturier  appela  les 
voyageurs.  II  se  disposait  a  atteler  lorsqu'on  entendit 
dans  la  rue  un  bruit  de  chevaux.  On  regarda  et  on 
apergut  deux  hommes,  les  mains  liees  et  tous  deux  blesses, 
que  quatre  carabiniers  conduisaient.  C'etaient  les  bri- 
gands. Avant  d'avoir  atteint  leur  embuscade,  ils  avaient 
rencontre  les  soldats  qui  s'etaient  empares  d'eux,  car 
c'etaient  deux  bandits  qu'on  cherchait  depuis  longtemps 
mais  qu'on  n'avait  pu  reussir  a  attraper. 

117.  Translation 

One  hour  later,  the  travelers,  called  by  the  host,  are 
all  in  the  court  of  the  inn  and  are  preparing  to  pay  their 
expenses  and  to  depart.  The  teamsters  are  hitching  up. 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  67 

The  dawn  has  long  since  appeared  when  they  hear  the 
clatter  of  a  horse  running  at  full  speed  in  the  street  which 
leads  to  the  neighboring  town.  A  boy  appears  on  horse- 
back:  it  is  Edmund;  he  is  coming  back.  He  at  once 
alights  from  his  horse,  relates  to  the  travelers  all  he  has 
heard  and  done  that  night,  and  says  to  them  :  "  Do  you 
hear  the  noise  of  horses  ?  Look  in  the  street  and  you  will 
see  four  soldiers  leading  two  men :  they  are  the  robbers  of 
whom  I  have  just  spoken  to  you.  We  were  looking  for 
them  for  a  long  while  and  we  did  not  know  what  plan  to 
adopt,  for  dawn  had  not  yet  appeared.  However,  we  suc- 
ceeded in  meeting  them  before1  they  had  reached  their 
ambuscade.  But  when  the  soldiers  made  ready  to  catch 
them,  they  defended  themselves  and  were  both  wounded. 
Then  the  soldiers  succeeded  in  seizing  them  and  tied 
their2  hands.2  They  are  the  two  bandits  whom  our  host 
had  sheltered." 

1  avant  que  (subjunctive).  2  the  hands  to  them. 


EXERCISE  XXXIV 
118.  Text 

Apres  que  les  voyageurs  eurent  accable  d'eloges  le 
jeune  heros  dont  ils  avaient  appris  le  nom  par  1'auber- 
giste,  la  famille  exilee  continua  sa  route  a  travers  r Italic 
et  arriva  enfm  a  Rome.  Le  baron  esperait  y  trouver  un 
emploi  honorable,  mais  il  eprouva  un  cruel  desappointe- 
ment.  Apres  bien  des  demarches  inutiles,  il  fallut  re- 
noncer  a  tout  espoir.  Ce  fut  un  coup  terrible  pour  les 
emigres  qu'un  si  long  voyage  avait  mis  a  bout  de 
ressources. 


68  FRENCH    PROSE   COMPOSITION 

119.   Translation 

Meanwhile,  the  teamster  and  his  son  had  hitched  up; 
Mr.  de  Grandpre,  after  paying  his  bill  to  the  innkeeper, 
called  the  baroness.  They  climbed  in  the  cart  and  got 
ready  to  depart.  It  is  needless  to1  say  that  the  travel- 
ers, calling  Edmund  a  little  hero,  overwhelmed  him  with 
praises  for  having  caused2  the  two  robbers  to  be  caught. 
The  innkeeper  had  told  them  the  young  boy's  name. 
When  his  mother  learned  what  he  had  done,  she  embraced 
him  and  felt  proud  of  having  such  a  son.  After  they  had 
left  the  inn,  the  baron  said  to  his  family :  "  We  must  con- 
tinue our  journey  through  Italy;  when  we  reach  Rome,  I 
intend  to  settle  there.  As  this  long  trip  will  exhaust  our 
resources,  I  hope  I  shall  be  able  to  find  honorable  employ- 
ment in  that  city,  although3  we  know  nobody  there.  Let 
us  hope  we  shall  not  meet  with  any  disappointment.  I 
shall  take  4  many  steps  before  giving  up  all  hope.  We 
shall  learn  Italian  and  Edmund  will  serve  as  our 5  teacher 
and  interpreter.  If  I  could  not  find  any  employment,  it 
would  be  a  terrible  disappointment,  a  cruel  blow  for  us." 

1  de<  *  make 

2  made  (followed  by  the  active  infinitive). 

8  See  84,  5.  *  Sfrv*  **"•*>  «*• 


EXERCISE   XXXV 
120.   Text 

La  sant6  de  la  baronne  commen^a  a  souffrir  de  tant 
de  fatigues  et  de  privations.  Peu  a  peu,  ils  vendirent  ce 
qui  leur  restait  de  bijoux.  Edmond  ne  comprenait  que 
trop  bien  la  position  de  ses  parents  et  il  cherchait  sans 
cesse  les  moyens  de  leur  venir  en  aide.  Cependant  leur 
pauvrete"  augmentait  de  jour  en  jour.  Un  soir,  Edmond 


LES   QUATRE   LANGUES  69 

rentra  moins  triste  que  de  coutume  et  dit  au  baron :  "Ah ! 
mon  pere,  si  je  pouvais  vous  etre  utile ! "  Le  lendemain, 
il  sortit  de  meilleure  heure  qu'a  Fordinaire  et  dirigea  ses 
pas  vers  le  magasin  d'un  libraire  bien  connu,  M.  Pietri. 

121.  Translation 

When  the  exiled  family  reached  Rome,  they1  met  with  a 
great  disappointment ;  for,  after  many  useless  steps,  the 
baron  gave  up  all  hope  of  finding  a  situation.  However, 
one  evening,  Edmund,  returning  earlier  and  more  cheerful 
than  usual,  said  to  his  parents  :  "  Do  you  know  Mr.  Pietri  ? 
He  is  a  very  well-known  bookseller ;  his  store  is  the  largest 
in  2  town ;  it  is,  besides,  the  largest  I  have  ever  seen.  Well, 
this  morning  I  went  out  early  and  walked  toward  his  store. 
I  must  tell  you  that  I  have  but  too  well  understood  our 
sad  position.  I  know  you  have  sold  little  by  little  the  rest 
of  your  jewels,  because  our  long  journey  through  the 
greater  part  of  Italy  has  exhausted  our  resources.  Our 
poverty  is  increasing  daily.  Destiny  has  overwhelmed  us 
with  so  many  fatigues  and  privations  that  I  fear  your 
health  will  suffer  from  it.3  I  have  always  looked  for  the 
means  of  helping  you  without  giving  up  all  hope,  and  now 
I  have  the  consolation  of  telling  you  that  I  think  I  can4 
soon  be  useful  to  you." 

1  she.  2  of  the.  8  en.  4  Use  the  infinitive. 


EXERCISE  XXXVI 
122.  Text 

II  y  entra  et  demanda  a  parler  au  maitre  de  la  maison. 
On  Fintroduisit  dans  son  cabinet.     Le  libraire  jeta  les  yeux 


70  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

sur  ce  jeune  gargon  qui  se  presentait  avec  un  air  de  con- 
fiance  modeste  et  lui  demanda :  "  Que  voulez-vous,  mon 
enfant?  "  "  Monsieur,"  repondit  celui-ci,  "  en  passant  hier 
devant  votre  librairie,  il  m'est  venu  une  idee.  Je  me  suis 
dit :  '  qui  sait  si  Ton  n'a  pas  besoin  de  quelqu'un  qui  sache 
traduire  en  italien  des  livres  anglais,  frangais  ou  allemands 
et  rediger  des  lettres  de  commerce  ? '  .  .  .  Alors,  Monsieur, 
j'ai  pris  la  liberte  de  venir  vous  parler  aujourd'hui." 

123.  Translation 

The  baron  asked  the  boy:  "What  do  you  mean1? 
Edmund,  has  a  good  idea  struck  you  to-day  ? "  "  Yes," 
replied  the  latter ;  "  as  I  was  passing  before  the  well-known 
bookstore  of  Mr.  Pietri,  I  said  t6  myself:  'Who  knows 
whether  that  bookseller  might2  not  give  me  a  situation  ? ' 
Confidence  returned  to  me  at  once ;  I  took  the  liberty  to 
present  myself  in  the  store,  where  I  asked  to  be  shown3 
into  the  private  office  of  the  master  of  the  house.  I 
entered  there  with  a  modest  air,  and  the  bookseller,  casting 
his  eyes  on  me,  asked  :  '  What  can  I  do  for  you,  my  boy  ? 
Why  do  you  ask  to  speak  to  me?  Can  I  be  useful  to 
you?*  'Sir,'  I  answered  him,  'yesterday  I  happened  to4 
pass  before  your  store  and  an  idea  struck  me.  My  father, 
who  is  a  French  emigrant,  has  been  unable  to  find  employ- 
ment. I  understand  but  too  well  the  position  of  my 
parents,  whose  poverty  is  daily  increasing,  and  I  am  look- 
ing continually  for  the  means  of  helping  them.  I  know 
four  languages  :  French,  Italian,  English,  and  German.  I 
came  to  speak  to  you,  with  the  hope  that  you  may  need 
somebody  who  knows 5  how  to  write  business  letters. 

1  wish  to  say.  3  that  one  should  introduce  (subj.)  me  .  .  . 

2  Conditional.  4  venir  3u  5  Subjunctive. 


LES   QUATRE  LANGUES  71 

EXERCISE   XXXVII 
124.  Text 

Le  libraire  lui  posa  quelques  questions  et  ayant  appris 
Thistoire  des  malheurs  de  sa  famille,  il  lui  dit  d'une  voix 
emue :  "  Vous  etes  un  brave  enfant  que  Dieu  benira ; 
revenez  demain  matin  et  je  vous  emploierai  chez  moi." 
Le  lendemain,  il  ne  manqua  pas  de  se  rendre  chez  M. 
Pietri  qui  lui  dicta  en  italien  quelques  lettres  de  commerce 
pour  ses  clients  a  1'etranger.  Edmond  les  traduisait  en 
frangais,  en  allemand  ou  en  anglais  au  fur  et  a  mesure  qu'il 
entendait  1'italien.  Le  libraire  lui  donna  en  outre  a  traduire 
des  livres  qu'il  voulait  publier  en  plusieurs  langues. 

125.  Translation 

"Mr.  Pietri  answered  me:  ' God  blesses  good l children. 
The  story  of  your  parents'  misfortunes  has  moved  me  very 
much.  You  have  done  well  to 2  present  yourself  in  my 
store  and  to  2  ask  to  be  shown  into  my  private  office.  I  do 
not  need  to  question  you,  for  I  have  confidence  in 3  you. 
If  I  cannot  employ  you  in  my  house,  I  shall  try  all  means 
of  helping  you4  and  your  parents.  Do  not  fail  to  come 
back  to-morrow  morning  early.  I  will  dictate  to  you  a  few 
business  letters  for  my  clients  abroad,  and  you  will  trans- 
late them  into  English,  German,  or  French  as  fast  as  you 
hear5  the  Italian.  I  shall  see  whether  you  can  be  useful 
to  me,  for  I  need  in  my  bookstore  somebody  who  knows 
foreign  languages  to  translate  a  few  Italian  books  that 
I  intend  to  publish.  Besides,  you  will  answer  the  ques- 
tions of  foreign  customers  who  come  every  day  into  my 
store  and  cannot  speak  Italian.'  I  answered  him  with 
a  faltering  voice :  l  Sir,  I  thank  you  very  much.  How 


/2  FRENCH   PROSE  COMPOSITION 

happy   my   parents  will   be !      I    shall   not   fail   to   come 
to-morrow  morning  very  early.' ' 

1  the.  3  4  Use  you  twice:  before  and  after  the  verb. 

2  de.  5  Use  the  future. 


EXERCISE    XXXVUI 
126.    Text 

Pour  ces  divers  travaux,  il  lui  alloua  un  traitement  de 
cent  francs  par  mois :  ce  qui  suffit  pour  mettre  ses  parents 
a  1'abri  du  besoin  et  meme  pour  leur  permettre  de  faire 
quelques  epargnes.  On  ne  peut  se  figurer  la  felicite 
d'Edmond.  II  ne  se  passait  pas  de  jour  qu'il  ne  s'ecriat 
avec  emotion:  "Que  je  suis  heureux  d'avoir  appris  les 
langues  etrangeres !  " 

127.  Translation 

The  next  morning,  very  early,  Edmund  went  to  Mr. 
Pietri's  store  and  he  wrote  many  business  letters  for 
abroad.  Several  customers  who  did  not  speak  Italian  came 
into  the  bookstore,  and  he  answered  their  questions  with 
an  air  of  modest  confidence.  You  cannot  imagine  his 
happiness  when  he  returned  in  the  evening  to  his  parents' 
home.  He  exclaimed  with  emotion  :  "  Dear  parents,  Mr. 
Pietri,  the  bookseller,  has  allowed  me  a  salary  of  one  hun- 
dred francs  a  month  for  my  various  services.  Are  you 
not  happy  that  I  have1  learned  foreign  languages?  A 
hundred  francs  a  month  !  Twelve  hundred  francs  a  year ! 
That  is  enough ;  that  will  place  us  above  want.  We  shall 
even  be  able  to  save  some  money.  Allow  me  to  tell  you 
what  I  have  done  to-day ;  I  have  translated  into  English, 
French,  or  German  several  business  letters  for  clients 


LES  QUATRE   LANGUES  73 

abroad  as  fast  as  Mr.  Pietri  dictated  them  to  me.  Besides, 
I  have  answered  the  questions  of  many  customers  who 
do  not  know  a  single  word  of  Italian.  A  salary  of  one 
hundred  francs  a  month  for  those  services !  Is  that  not 
enough  ?  Imagine  my  happiness  !  You  are  now  above 
want.  Not  a  day  will  pass  without  my  thanking  you  for2 
having  made  me  learn  foreign  languages." 

1  Subjunctive.  2  de. 


EXERCISE   XXXIX 
128,  Text 

Au  bout  de  quelques  annees  d'exil,  nos  emigres  virent 
arriver  le  terme  de  leurs  maux.  Un  gouvernement  plus 
doux  s'etait  etabli  en  France.  Quelques  amis  etaient 
parvenus  a  faire  rayer  le  nom  de  M.  de  Grandpre"  de  la 
liste  de  proscription  et  a  recouvrer  une  grande  partie  de 
ses  biens  qui  n'avaient  pas  £te  vendus.  Les  exiles  allaient 
enfin  revoir  leur  patrie  apres  tant  de  souffrances. 

129.  Translation 

At  the  end  of  a  few  months,  Edmund's  parents  were 
sheltered  from  want.  They  even  succeeded  in  saving 
something.  But  they  were  not  happy;  they  could  not 
give  up  all  hope  of  seeing  again  their  country.  Several 
years  elapsed  without1  their  seeing  the  termination  of  their 
exile.  Finally,  one  day,  the  baron  received  from  a  friend 
of  his  the  following  letter : 

DEAR  FRIENDS  :  The  termination  of  your  trials  has 
come ;  you  will  at  last  be  able  to  see  again  your  fatherland 
after  so  many  privations  and  sufferings.  A  milder  form 


74  FRENCH   PROSE   COMPOSITION 

of  government  has  been  established  in  France.  Your  pos- 
sessions have  not  been  sold  and  you  will  succeed  in  get- 
ting back  the  greater  part  of  them.  Besides,  you  know 
that  we  never  gave  up  the  hope  of  having  your  name 
erased  from  the  list  of  emigrants :  after  many  steps,  we 
have  succeeded  in  doing  it.  How  happy  we  shall  be  to 
see  you  again  after  so  many  years  of  exile ! 
Sincerely  yours, 

V.  de  L. 

1  sans  que  (subjunctive). 


EXERCISE    XL 
130.  Text 

Us  revinrent  en  France  et  en  foulerent  le  sol  avec 
ravissement.  Le  baron  et  la  baronne  ne  pouvaient  se 
lasser  de  dire  et  de  redire  comment  leur  fils  avait  ete  leur 
interprets,  leur  soutien,  leur  sauveur.  Edmond  n'en  con£ut 
pas  d'orgueil.  Mais  on  assure  que,  plus  tard,  marie  lui- 
meme  et  devenu  pere  de  famille,  lorsque  ses  enfants  se  de- 
courageaient  a  cause  des  difficultes  que  leur  offrait  1'etude 
des  langues,  il  se  plaisait,  pour  relever  leur  courage,  a  leur 
raconter  son  histoire. 

131.  Translation 

Can  you l  imagine  the  rapture  and  the  happiness  of  our 
poor  emigrants  ?  How  happy  they  were  !  The  baron  said 
to  his  son :  "  To-morrow  morning  we  must  go  and  thank 
Mr.  Pietri  for  having  helped  us ;  we  shall  tell  him  that  the 
end  of  our  trials  has  come  and  that  we  are  at  last  able  to 
see  again  our  dear  country.  In  a  few  days  we  shall  return 


LES  QUATRE  LANGUES  75 

to  France.  With  what  rapture  we  shall  tread  her  soil ! 
We  shall  see  again  our  good  friends  and  we  shall  delight 
in  relating  to  them  your  story  without  ever  getting  weary 
of  it.  I  know  you  will  not  grow  vain  on  that  account.2 
Later,  when  you  are  married  and3  have  become  the  head 
of  a  family,  your  children  must  learn  foreign  languages, 
and  I  assure  you  that  if  they  get  disheartened  by  the  diffi- 
culties this  study  may  offer  to  them,  I  shall  renew  their 
courage  by4  telling  them  again  and  again  how  you  have 
been  our  interpreter,  our  support,  our  savior!  May5  God 
bless  you !  " 

1  on.         2  of  it.         3  Supply  that  you  ...         *  en.        6  que  (subjunctive). 


ABBREVIATIONS 

adj.     =  adjective  imp.      =  imperfect  pi.       =  plural 

adv.    =  adverb  imper.  =  imperative  prep.  =  preposition 

art.      =  article  ind.       =  indicative  pres.  =  present 

cond.  =  conditional          irr.        =  irregular  pret.   =  preterit 

conj.   =  conjunction         in.         =  masculine  pron.  =  pronoun 

f.          =  feminine  p.          =  past  sing.   =  singular 

fut.      =  future  part.     =  participle  subj.   =  subjunctive 

76 


FRENCH-ENGLISH    VOCABULARY 


a,  pres,  ind.  of  avoir  ;  il  y  a,  there  is, 
there  are  ;   ago. 

a,  at,  to,  in,  on,  of,  by,  with,  below. 

abandon,  m.,  unconstraint. 

abattue,  see  bride, 
^abord  (d')»  at  first. 

abri,  m.,  shelter  ;  mettre  a  Pabri  de, 
to  shelter  from,  to  place  above. 

absolument,  absolutely. 

accabler,  to  overwhelm. 

accepter,  to  accept. 

accident,  m.,  accident. 

acclimatation,  see  jardin. 

accompagner,  to  accompany,  to  escort. 

acheter,  to  buy. 

activer,  to  hasten. 

adieu,  m.,  farewell. 

admirer,  to  admire. 

adresse,  f.,  address. 

adresser,  to  address,  ask. 

affaire,  f.,  affair,  business ;   pi.,  busi- 
ness matters,  things. 

age,  m.,  age. 

agiter,  to  excite. 

aide,  f.,  help  ;  venir  en  aide,  to  help. 

ailleurs  (d'),  besides. 

aimable,  amiable,  kind. 

aimer,  to  like. 

ainsi,  thus. 


air,  m.,  air. 


aise,  f.,  ease  ;  a  notre  aise,  with  per- 
fect freedom. 

ait,  pres.  subj.  of  avoir. 

Allemagne,  f.,  Germany. 

allemand,  m.,  German. 

aller,  irr.,  to  go  ;  aller  mieux,  to  feel 
better. 

aller,  m.,  single  ticket ;  aller  et  re- 
tour,  return  ticket. 

allouer,  to  allow. 

allure,  f.,  gait,  pace. 

alors,  then. 

ami,  m.,  friend. 

amities,  f.  pi.,  regards,  love. 

amusement,  m.,  diversion. 

amuser  (s'),  to  enjoy  oneself. 

an,  m.,  year. 

anglais,  -e,  English. 

Angleterre,  f.,  England. 

anne"e,  f.,  year. 

annoncer,  to  announce. 

apercevoir,  irr.,  to  perceive,  to  see. 

aperc.oit,  pres.  ind.  of  apercevoir. 

aperc.ut,  pret.  of  apercevoir. 

aperc.urent,  pret.  of  apercevoir. 

appartenir,  irr.  (like  tenir),  to  belong. 

appartiendra,  fut.  of  appartenir. 

appeler,  to  call. 

appetit,  m.,  appetite. 

apporter,  to  bring. 

apprendre,  irr.  (like  prendre},  to 
learn. 


77 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


appris,  -e,  p.  part,  of  apprendre. 

approche,  see  lunette. 

approcher,  to  approach. 

apres,  after,  for  ;  apres  que,  after. 

aquilin,  -e,  aquiline,  Roman. 

arbre,  m.,  tree. 

arc    de    triomphe,    m.,    triumphal 

arch. 

argent,  m.,  money. 
arme,  f.,  arm,  weapon, 
armer,  to  arm. 
arranger,  to  settle. 
arret,  m.,  stop. 

arreter,  to  stop;  s'arreter,  to  stop, 
arrive^  m.,  comer,  arrival, 
arrived,  f.,  arrival,  coming, 
arriver,  to  arrive,  to  come, 
ascenseur,  m.,  elevator, 
assassin,  m.,  murderer. 
assassiner,  to  murder. 
asseoir  (s1),  irr.,  to  sit  down, 
assez,  enough, 
assied,  pres.  ind.  of  s  asseoir. 
assis,  -e,  p.  part,  of  s 'asseoir. 
assurer,  to  assure. 
atlantique,  Atlantic. 
atteindre,    irr.    (like    craindre),    to 

reach. 

atteint,  -e,  p.  part  of  atteindre. 
atteler,  to  hitch  up. 
attenant,  close  to,  adjoining, 
attendre,  to  await,  to  wait  for. 
attente,  see  salle. 
attenti-f,  -ve,  attentive. 
attraper,  to  catch. 
au  =  a  +  le  (art.). 
aube,  f.,  dawn, 
auberge,  f.,  inn. 
aubergiste,  m.,  innkeeper, 
aucun,  -e,  any,  no. 
au-dessus  de,  over,  beyond. 
augmenter,  to  increase. 


aujourd'hui,  to-day. 

auraient,  cond.  of  avoir. 

aurez,  fut.  of  avoir. 

auriez,  cond  of  avoir. 

auront,  fut.  of  avoir. 

aussi,  also,  as. 

aussitot  que,  as  soon  as. 

autour  de,  around. 

autre,  other. 

aux  =  a  +  les  (art.). 

avait,  imp.  ind.  of  avoir. 

avant,  before. 

avantageu-x,  -se,  advantageous,  good. 

avec,  with. 

avenir,  m.,  future. 

avertir,  to  warn,  to  notify. 

avez,  pres.  ind.  of  avoir. 

avoir,  irr.,  to  have;  avoir  sommeil, 
to  be  sleepy;  avoir  besoin,  to  need; 
avoir  raison,  to  be  right;  avoir 
tort,  to  be  wrong;  avoir  chaud,  to 
be  warm;  avoir  beau  .  .  .,  to  do 
something  in  vain. 

ayez,  imper.  of  avoir. 

B 

bagages,  m.  pi.,  luggage. 

bah !  pshaw ! 

baisser,  to  pull  down. 

baleine,  f.,  whale. 

ballotter,  to  toss  about. 

bane,  m.,  bench. 

bandit,  m.,  bandit. 

baron,  m.,  baron. 

baronne,  f.,  baroness. 

barridre,  f.,  gate. 

bas,  -se,  low. 

bas,  adv.;  see  mettre. 

bateau,  m.,  boat,  ship ;    bateau    a 

vapeur,  steamer  ;  bateau  a  voiles, 

sailing  boat. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


79 


beau,  bel,  -le,  beautiful,  fine;    avoir 

beau    .    .    .,   to    do    something    in 

vain. 
beaucoup,  much,  very  much,  a  great 

deal,  many. 
belle,  f.  of  beau. 
b6nir,  to  bless. 
besoin,  m.,  need,  want ;  avoir  besoin 

de,  to  need,  to  be  in  need  of. 
bibliotheque,  f.,  library. 
bicyclette,  f.,  bicycle ;   a  bicyclette, 

on  a  bicycle. 
bicycliste,  m.,  bicyclist. 
bien,    adv.,    well,    very ;    bien    que, 

although  ;    bien  des,  many, 
bien,  m.,  possession. 
bientot,  soon, 
bijou,  m.,  jewel, 
billet,  m.,  ticket, 
blesser,  to  wound, 
bleu,  -e,  blue. 
boire,  irr.,  to  drink. 
bois,  m.,  wood. 
bon,  -ne,  good,  comfortable, 
bonte,  f.,  kindness. 
bottine,  f.,  boot. 
bouche,  f.,  mouth. 
boulevard,  m.,  boulevard, 
bouleverser,  to  upset. 
bourg,  m.,  town, 
bourgeois,  -e,  see  pension. 
Bourse,  f.,  Stock  Exchange, 
bout,   m.,   end ;    mettre   a   bout   de 

ressources,  to  exhaust  somebody's 

resources. 

bouteille,  f.,  bottle. 
brave,  good. 
bride,  f.,  bridle  ;  a  bride  abattue,  at 

full  speed. 
brigand,  m.,  robber. 
brouillard,  m.,  fog. 
bruit,  m.,  noise,  sound,  clatter. 


buffet,  m.,  dining  hall. 

bureau,  m.,  office. 

but,  m.,  goal. 

buvaient,  imp.  ind.  of  boire. 


C>  =  ce  (pron.). 

cabine,  f.,  cabin,  berth. 

cabinet,  m.,  private  office. 

cadeau,  m.,  present. 

calme,  calm. 

campagne,  f.,  country,  fields. 

capitaine,  m.,  captain. 

car,  conj.,  for. 

carabinier,  m.,  soldier. 

cas,  m.,  case  ;  au  cas  que,  in  case. 

Catacombes,  f.  pi.,  Catacombs. 

cause,  f.,  cause;  a  cause  de,  on  ac- 
count of. 

ce,  cet,  -te,  adj.,  this,  that. 

ce,  pron.,  that,  it,  he  ;  ce  qui,  that 
which  (subject);  ce  que,  that 
which  (object). 

cela,  pron.,  that. 

celle,  f.  of  celui. 

celui,  pron.,  this,  that. 

celui-ci,  this  one,  the  latter. 

cent,  hundred. 

centime,  m.,  centime. 

central,  -e,  central. 

cependant,  however,  meanwhile,  yet. 

ces  (pi.  of  adj.  ce),  these,  those. 

cesse,  see  sans. 

cesser,  to  stop. 

cet,  see  adj.  ce. 

cette,  f.  of  adj.  ce;  cette  .  .  .  -ci,  this; 
cette  ...  -la,  that. 

ceux,  pron.,  these,  those. 

chacun,  -e,  each  one,  every  one. 

chaise,  f.,  chair. 

chale,  m.,  shawl. 

chambre,  f.,  room. 


8o 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


champ,  m.,  field. 

changer,  to  change. 

chanter,  to  sing. 

chapeau,  m.,  hat. 

chaque,  each,  every. 

charger,  to  intrust. 

chariot,  m.,  cart. 

charmant,  -e,  charming. 

chatain,  -e,  dark -brown. 

chateau,  m.,  castle. 

chaud,  -e,  warm;  avoir  chaud,  to  be 

warm. 

chaudement,  warmly, 
chemin,  m.,  road;    chemin  de  fer, 

railroad;    en  chemin   de  fer,  by 

rail. 

chemise,  f.,  shirt. 
cher,  chere,  dear, 
chercher,  to  look  for. 
cheval,    m.,    horse;     a    cheval,    on 

horseback. 

chevaux,  pi.  of  cheval. 
cheveu,  m.,  hair. 
chez,  to,  at,  or  in  the  house  of;  chez 

vous,  to,  at,  or  in  your  house. 
choisir,  to  choose,  to  select, 
chose,  f.,  thing, 
ciel,  m.,  sky. 
cimetiere,  m.,  cemetery, 
classe,  f.,  class. 
Clef,  f.,  key. 

client,  m.,  client,  customer, 
cloche,  f.,  bell, 
cloison,    f.,     partition;     cloison     en 

planches,  board  partition. 
cocher,  m.,  coachman, 
coin,  m.,  corner. 
colis,  m.,  package. 
colline,  f.,  hill, 
colonne,  f.,  column. 
combien,  how  much,  how  many. 
come"die,  f.,  comedy. 


comme,  conj.,  as. 

commencement,  m.,  beginning. 

commencer,  to  begin. 

comment,  how. 

commerce,  m.,  business. 

commission,  f.,  errand. 

commun,  -e,  common,  general. 

compagnie,  f.,  company. 

compagnon,  m.,  companion;  com- 
pagnon  de  voyage,  traveling  com- 
panion. 

compartiment,  m.,  compartment. 

compliment,  m.,  compliment,  regard. 

comprenant,  pres.  part,  ot  comprendre. 

comprendre,  irr.  (like  prendre),  to 
understand. 

compris,  -e,  p.  part,  of  comprendre. 

compter,  to  count,  to  intend. 

concevoir,  irr.  (like  recevoir},  to  con- 
ceive; concevoir  de  1'orgueil,  to 
grow  vain. 

congut,  pret.  of  concevoir. 

conduire,  irr.,  to  conduct,  to  lead,  to 
take. 

conduisaient,  imp.  ind.  of  conduire. 

confiance,  f.,  confidence. 

connaissent,  pres.  ind.  of  connaitre. 

connaitre,  irr.,  to  know,  to  be  ac- 
quainted with. 

connu,  -e,  p.  part,  of  connaitre. 

conseil,  m.,.  advice. 

consolation,  f.,  consolation. 

contenaient,  imp.  ind.  of  contenir. 

contenir,  irr.  (like  z/£»iV),to  contain; 
se  contenir,  to  restrain  oneself. 

content,  -e,  pleased,  glad. 

contenter,  to  satisfy. 

contint,  pret.  of  contenir. 

continuer,  to  continue,  to  go  on,  to 
keep  on. 

contraindre,  irr.  (like  craindre),  to 
oblige,  to  force. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH  VOCABULARY 


81 


contraint,  -e,  p.  part,  of  contraindre. 

contraire  (au),  on  the  contrary. 

centre,  against. 

conversation,  f.,  talk. 

cote,  f.,  coast. 

cote",  m.,  side;  a  cote  and  a  cote  de 

nous,  in  the  next  room, 
coucher  (se),  to  go  to  bed. 
coucher,  m.,  setting. 
couchette,  f.,  bed. 
coude,  m.,  bend, 
coup,  m.,  blow,  shot;    coup  de  pis- 

tolet,  pistol  shot;    tout   a   coup, 

suddenly. 
cour,  f.,  court. 
courage,  m.,  courage. 
couramment,  fluently. 
courez,  pres.  ind.  and  imper.  of  courir. 
courir,  irr.,  to  run. 
cousin,  m.,  cousin. 
cousine,  f.,  cousin. 
couter,  to  cost. 
coutume  (de),  usual, 
couvert,  -e,  p.  part,  of  convrir. 
couverture,  f.,  covering;    couverture 

de  voyage,  lap  robe. 
couvrir,  irr.  (like  ouvrir},  to  cover, 
craindre,  irr.,   to   fear,   to   be   afraid 

of. 

Grains,  pres.  ind.  and  imper.  of  craindre. 
craint,  pres.  ind.  of  craindre. 
cri,  m.,  cry;  a  grands  cris,  loudly. 
crier,  to  cry,  to  make  an   outcry,  to 

shout. 

croire,  irr.,  to  believe. 
cruel,  -le,  cruel. 


d'  =  de. 

d'abord,  see  abord. 
d'ailleurs,  see  ailleurs. 
dame,  f.,  lady. 

FR.    PROSE   COMP. 6 


dans,  in,  into. 

danser,  to  dance. 

Dauphine",    m.,    Dauphine,     an     old 

French  province. 
de,  prep.,  of,  from,  to,  for,  with,  on, 

about. 

de,  partitive  art.,  some,  any. 
debarcaddre,  m.,  landing  place. 
debarquer,  to  land. 
debout,  adv.,  standing. 
declarer,  to  declare;    quelque  chose 

a  declarer,  anything  dutiable, 
decourager  (se),  to  get  disheartened. 
decret,  m.,  sentence. 
defendre,  to  defend. 
de"ja,  already. 
de"  jeuner,  to  breakfast. 
de"  jeuner,  m.,  breakfast. 
demain,  to-morrow. 
demander,  to  ask,  to  ask  for,  to  call 

for. 

demarche,  f.,  step. 
demi,  -e,  half, 
dentelle,  f.,  lace. 
depart,  m.,  departure. 
de"pecher  (se),  to  hurry  up. 
de"pouiller,  to  rob. 
depuis,   since ;    depuis    longtemps, 

long  since,  for  a  long  while, 
depute",  m.,  deputy,  representative. 
derni-er,  -dre,  last. 
des  =  de  +  les  (art.),  of  the,  from  the; 

some,  any. 
dds,  from  ;  dds  votre  arrived,  as  soon 

as  you  arrive;   d£s  le  commence- 
ment, from  the  very  first;  dds  que, 

as  soon  as. 

de'sappointement,  m.,  disappointment. 
descendre,  to  alight,  to  go  down,  to 

stop. 

description,  f.,  description, 
desirer,  to  desire. 


82 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


destination,  f.,  destination. 

detour,  m.,  turn. 

deux,  two  ;  tous  deux,  both. 

devaient,  imp.  ind.  of  devoir. 

devant,  before. 

devenir,  irr.  (like  venir),  to  become. 

devenu,  p.  part,  of  devenir. 

devient,  pres.  ind.  of  devenir. 

deviner,  to  guess. 

devoir,  irr.,  must,  to  be  obliged  to,  to 
have  to,  to  be  to. 

devoir,  m.,  duty;   see  mettre. 

dieter,  to  dictate. 

Dieu,  m.,  God. 

difficult^  f.,  difficulty. 

diner,  m.,  dinner. 

dire,  irr.,  to  say,  to  tell ;  dire  et  re- 
dire,  to  tell  again  and  again. 

direct,  -e,  direct,  through. 

directement,  directly. 

diriger,  to  direct ;  se  diriger,  to 
direct  one's  steps ;  se  diriger  a 
tatons,  to  grope  one's  way. 

disait,  imp.  ind.  of  dire. 

disaient,  imp.  ind.  of  dire. 

disparaitre,  irr.  (like  parattre],  to 
disappear. 

disposer  (se),  to  prepare,  to  get  ready, 
to  make  ready. 

disposition,  f.,  ability. 

dit,  pres.  ind.  of  dire. 

dit,  pret.  of  dire. 

dit,  -e,  p.  part,  of  dire. 

divers,  -e,  various. 

doit,  pres.  ind.  of  devoir. 

done,  then. 

donner,  to  give  ;  donner  de  ses  nou- 
velles,  to  write ;  se  donner  du 
courage,  to  raise  one's  courage. 

dont,  of  which,  of  whom. 

dormir,  irr.,  to  sleep. 

douane,  f.,  custom-house. 


douanier,  m.,  custom-house  officer. 

douce,  f.  of  doux. 

doue,  -e,  gifted  ;  etre  doue  de,  to  be 

endowed  by  nature  with. 
doute,  m.,  doubt. 
dou-x,  -ce,  gentle,  mild. 
drame,  m.,  drama. 
droite,  f.,  right  side. 
du  =  de  +  le  (art.),  of  the,  from  the  ; 

some,  any. 

duquel,  of  whom,  of  which. 
durent,  pret.  of  devoir. 
dut,  imp.  subj.  of  devoir. 


eau,  f.,  water. 
Sbranler  (s'),  to  start. 
^changer,  to  exchange. 
£chapper,  to  escape. 
-  e"clater,  to  break  out. 
6cole,  f.,  school. 
Scouter,  to  listen  to. 
6crier  (s'),  to  exclaim. 
e"crire,  irr.,  to  write. 
Edmond,  Edmund. 
Education,  f.,  education, 
effets,  m.  pi.,  things,  clothes. 
e"gal,  -e,  equal  ;  6gal  a,  as  great  as. 
Sglise,  f.,  church. 
eh!  well! 
eh  bien  !  well ! 
elle,  she,  her,  it  (subject). 
e*loge,  m.,  praise, 
embarcadere,  m.,  pier. 
embarquer  (s'),  to  embark. 
embarras,   m.,   embarrassment,    diffi- 
culty. 

embrasser,  to  kiss. 
embuscade,  f.,  ambuscade. 
emigre,  m.,  emigrant. 
emotion,  f.,  emotion. 
emouvoir,  irr.,  to  move. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


(s')  de,  to  take  possession  of. 
emploi,  m.,  employment,  situation. 
employe,  m.,  employee,  clerk. 
employer,  to  employ. 
emporter,  to   carry  away,   to    sweep 

away. 

^-empresser  (s'),  to  hasten, 
emu,  -e,  p.  part,  of  emouvoir. 
en,  prep.,  in,  into,  by,  while  ;  en  un 

mot,  in  short. 
en,  pron.,  some,  any  ;  of  it ;  of  them  ; 

on  account  of  it. 

encore,  still ;  encore  un,  one  more, 
endormir  (s'),  irr.  (like  dormir},  to 

fall  asleep. 

endroit,  m.,  place,  spot. 
enfant,  m.,  child, 
enfin,  at  last. 

ennuyer  (s>),  to  have  a  dull  time, 
enorgueillir  (sj),  to  feel  proud,  to 

boast. 

enregistrer,  to  check, 
ensuite,  afterwards. 
entendre,  to  hear, 
enthousiaste,  enthusiastic. 
entrefaites  (sur  ces),  meanwhile, 
entrepont,  m.,  steerage, 
entreprendre,  irr.  (like  prendre),  to 

undertake. 
entrer,  to  enter, 
entretenir  (s>)   (like  tenir),  to  talk 

together, 
entrevoir,  irr.  (like  voir),to  catch  a 

glimpse  of. 
envahir,  to  throng, 
envelopper,  to  wrap  up. 
envie,  f.,  desire;    avoir  envie  de,  to 

have  a  mind  to. 
environs,  m.  pi.,  suburbs. 
envoyer,  irr.,  to  send. 
epargne,  f.,  saving ;  faire  des  6par- 

gnes,  to  save  money. 


Spouvanter,  to  frighten,  to  terrify. 

eprouver,  to  meet  with. 

escalier,  m.,  stairs. 

espece,  f.,  kind,  sort. 

esperer,  to  hope. 

esplanade,  f.,  esplanade. 

espoir,  m.,  hope. 

essayer,  to  try. 

est,  pres.  ind.  of  etre. 

estimer,  to  consider. 

et,  and. 

Stablir,  to  establish. 

etat,  m.,  state ;   etre  en  e*tat  de,  to 

be  able  to. 

Etats-Unis,  m.  pi.,  United  States. 
etc.  =  et  cetera,  and  so  forth. 
e"te",  m.,  summer. 
Ste",  p.  part,  of  etre. 
§tes,  pres.  ind.  of  etre. 
e"toile,  f.,  star. 

etrang-er,  -e"re,  adj.,  foreign. 
etranger,  m.,  n.,  stranger;  a  1'^tran- 

ger,  abroad. 
etre,  irr.,  to  be. 
e"tude,  f.,  study. 
Studier,  to  study. 
eu,  p.  part,  of  avoir. 
eurent,  pret.  of  avoir. 
Europe,  f.,  Europe, 
eux,  them. 
eVeiller,  to  awaken;    s'e*veiller,  to 

awake.    ' 
eViter,  to  avoid. 
examiner,  to  examine. 
exe"cuter,  to  carry  on. 
exiguite,  f.,  slenderness. 
exil,  m.,  exile. 
exile,  m.,  exile. 
exiler,  to  exile. 
express,  m.,  express, 
expression,  f.,  expression. 
exprimer,  to  express. 


84 


FRENCH-ENGLISH    VOCABULARY 


fable,  f.,  fable. 

fabrique,  f.,  factory. 

facilement,  easily. 

faille,  pres.  subj.  of  falloir. 

faim,  f.,  hunger;  avoir  faim,  to  be 
hungry. 

faire,  to  make,  to  do,  to  have,  to 
cause;  faire  ses  adieux,  to  bid 
farewell;  faire  appeler,  to  send 
for;  ne  faire  que  (infinitive),  to 
contribute  to. 

fais,  pres.  ind.  of faire. 

fait,  pres.  ind.  of  faire. 

fait,  -e,  p.  part,  of  fairs. 

faites,  pres.  ind.  and  imper.  of  faire. 

falloir,  irr.,  to  be  necessary. 

fallut,  pret.  vi falloir. 

fameu-x,  -se,  well-known. 

famille,  f.,  family. 

fatigue,  f.,  fatigue. 

fatiguer,  to  tire. 

faut,  pres.  ind.  of falloir. 

faute,  f.,  mistake. 

felicite,  f.,  happiness. 

fe"liciter,  to  congratulate. 

femme,  f.,  wife. 

fenetre,  f.,  window. 

fer,  m.,  iron;   see  chemin. 

fera,  fut.  of  faire. 

fermer,  to  close,  to  shut. 

ferons,  fut.  of  faire. 

fiacre,  m.,  cab. 

figurer  (se),  to  imagine. 

filet,  m.,  rack. 

fils,  m.   son. 

finir,  to  end. 

fit,  pret.  of  faire. 

fixer  (se),  to  settle. 

fleur,  f.,  flower. 

fleuri,  -e,  flowery. 

fleuve,  m.,  river. 


fois,  f.,  time;    une  fois,  once;   deux 

fois,  twice. 

force  armee,  f.,  armed  force,  police, 
foret,  f.,  forest. 
foule,  f.,  crowd, 
fouler,  to  tread. 
fourneau,  m.,  stove. 
fournir,  to  supply,  to  provide  with. 
frais,  fraiche,  fresh. 
franc,  m.,  franc. 
francais,  -e,  French, 
frangais,  m.,  French. 
Francois,  m. ,  Frenchman. 
France,  f.,  France, 
franchise,  f.,  freedom. 
frapper,  to  strike,  to  rap,  to  knock. 
frere,  m.,  brother. 

froid,  -e,  cold;  faire  froid,  to  be  cold, 
front,  m.,  forehead. 
frontiere,  f.,  frontier. 
fuir,  irr.,  to  fly. 

fur;  au  fur  et  a  mesure  que,  as  fast  as. 
f urent,  pret.  of  etre. 
fus,  pret.  of  etre. 
fut,  pret.  of  etre. 
futur,  -e,  future. 


gagner,  to  gain. 

galoper,  to  gallop. 

garc,on,  m.,  boy,  waiter. 

garder,  to  keep;    se  garder  bien  de, 

to  take  good  care  not  to. 
gare,  f.,  station, 
gauche,  f.,  left  side;  a  gauche,  on  the 

left. 
gener,  to  inconvenience,  to  be  in  the 

way. 

general,  -e,  general. 
gong,  m.,  gong. 

gouvernement,  m.,  government. 
grand,  -e,  large,  loud. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABUlJ 


f« 

•A^' 


TY 


grave,  great. 
guerre,  f.,  war. 
guichet,  m.,  ticket  office. 


habile,  skillful,  able. 

habiller,  to  dress. 

habit,  m.,  coat. 

*halle,  f.,  market. 

*hameau,  m.,  hamlet. 

harmonieu-x,  -se,  harmonious. 

*hate,  f.,  haste;  en  toute  hate   and 

a  la  hate,  hastily,  in  haste. 
*hater  (se),  to  hasten. 
*haut,  -e,  high. 
*haut,  adv.,  loud. 
*Havre  (Le),  a  French  seaport. 
*heros,  m.,  hero, 
heure,    f.,    hour,    o'clock,    time;     a 

Theure,  on  time;  de  bonne  heure, 

early. 

heureu-x,  -se,  happy. 
hier,  yesterday. 
histoire,  f.,  history,  story. 
homme,  m.,  man. 
honorable,  honorable. 
hopital,  m.,  hospital. 
horizon,  m.,  horizon. 
note,  m.,  host. 
hotel,  m.,  hotel;  h6tel  de  ville,  City 

Hall. 

hotesse,  f.,  hostess. 
*Hume,  Hume  (1711-1776). 


ici,  here;  par  ici,  this  way. 
idee,  f.,  idea. 


S£AI  IFO£ 

ignorer,  not  to  kntfw. 

il,  he,  it  (subject);   il  y  a,  there  is, 

there  are;   ago. 
ils,  they. 

immobile,  motionless. 
impatience,  f.,  impatience. 
importer,  to   matter  ;    qu'importe  ? 

never  mind. 

impression,  f.,  impression, 
indicateur,  m.,  guide. 
indiquer,  to  indicate,  to  assign. 
installer,  to  install. 
instant,  m.,  instant. 
instruction,  f.,  instruction. 
intention,  f.,  intention, 
interessant,  -e,  interesting. 
intSret,  m. ,  interest. 
interieur,  m.,  inside. 
interlocuteur,  m.,  speaker. 
interprete,  m.,  interpreter. 
introduire,   irr.    (like    conduire)^    to 

show.  into. 

introduisit,  pret.  of  introduire, 
inutile,  useless. 
ira,  fut.  of  aller. 
irons,  fut.  of  aller. 
Italic,  f.,  Italy, 
italien,  -ne,  Italian. 
italien,  m.,  Italian. 


jamais,  ever,  never, 
jardin,  m.,  garden;  jardin  d'acclima- 
tation,  zoological  garden. 

je,I. 

Jeter,  to  throw,  to  cast. 

jeune,  young. 

joli,  -e,  pretty. 


*  The  initial  h  of  these  words  was  formerly  aspirate  ;   therefore  no  elision 
takes  place  before  it. 


86 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


jouer,   to  play;   jouer  du  piano,  to 

play  on  the  piano, 
jouir  de,  to  enjoy. 
jour,  m.,  day;   tous  les  jours,  every 

day;  de  jour  en  jour,  daily. 
journal,  m.,  newspaper, 
journellement,  daily. 
jusqu'a,  to,  as  far  as. 
justice,  f.,  justice  ;  see  palais. 


r  -  le,  la;  Ton  =  on. 

la,  f.  art.,  the. 

la,  pron.,  her,  it;   la  voila,  there  she  is. 

lac,  m.,  lake. 

laine,  f.,  wool. 

laisser,  to  let,  to  allow. 

langage,  m.,  language. 

langue,  f.,  language,  tongue. 

laquelle,  f.  of  lequel. 

large,  wide;   de  long  en  large,  up 

and  down. 

lasser  (se),  to  get  weary. 
le,  m.  art.,  the. 
le,  pron.,  him,  it. 
lec.on,  f.,  lesson, 
lendemain,  m.,  next  day. 
lent,  -e,  slow. 
lentement,  slowly, 
lequel,  pron.,  which, 
les,  pi.  art.,  the. 
les,  pron.,  them, 
lesquelles,  f.  pi.  of  lequel. 
Lessing,  Lessing  (1729-1781). 
lettre,  f.,  letter. 
leur,  adj.,  their. 
leur,  pron.,  them,  to  them. 
leurs,  pi.  of  adj.  leur. 
lever  (se),  to  get  up. 
lever,  m.,  rising. 
libert^,  f.,  liberty. 


libraire,  m.,  bookseller. 

librairie,  f.,  bookstore. 

lier,  to  tie. 

lieu,  m.,  place;  au  lieu  de,  instead  of. 

lieue,  f.,  league. 

linge,  m.,  linen. 

lire,  irr.,  to  read. 

lisait,  imp.  ind.  of  lire. 

lisidre,  f.,  edge. 

liste,  f.,  list. 

lit,  m.,  bed;  wagon-lit,  sleeping  car. 

livre,  m.,  book. 

locomotive,  f.,  engine. 

long,  -ue,  long;  de  long  en  large,  up 

and  down;   le  long  de,  along, 
longtemps,  a  long  time, 
longue,  f.  of  long. 
lorsque,  when. 
lui,  him,  to  him,  her,  to  her. 
lunette  (f.)  d'approche,  field  glass. 
lyrique,  lyric. 


M.,  Mr. 

ma,  f.  of  mon. 

macaroni,  m.,  macaroni. 

madame,  madam,  Mrs. 

magasin,  m.,  store. 

magnifique,  magnificent,  fine. 

main,  f.,  hand. 

maintenant,  now. 

mais,  but. 

maison,  f.,  house. 

maitre,  m.,  master,  teacher. 

mal,  m.,  trial;  avoir  le  mal  de  mer, 

to  be  seasick. 
malade,  sick. 
malheur,  m.,  misfortune. 
malle,  f.,  trunk, 
manche,  f.,  sleeve. 
manger,  to  eat. 
manquer  de,  to  fail,  to  lack. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


manteau,  m.,  cloak. 

marche,  f.,  speed. 

marchepied,  m.,  step  (of  a  carriage 
or  a  car). 

marcher,  to  walk,  to  walk  about. 

marier,  to  marry. 

marin,  -e,  marine,  sea  ;  see  pied. 

matelas,  m.,  mattress. 

matelot,  m.,  sailor. 

maternel,  -le,  native. 

matin,  m.,  morning. 

mauvais,  -e,  bad,  poor,  miserable. 

maux,  pi.  of  mat. 

me,  me,  to  me. 

medecin,  m.,  physician. 

medicament,  m.,  medicine. 

meilleur,  adj.,  better,  best. 

membre,  m.,  member. 

meme,  same,  self. 

meme,  adv.,  even;  quand  meme, 
even  if. 

mer,  f.,  sea. 

merci,  m.,  thanks. 

mere,  f.,  mother. 

mes,  pi.  of  mon  and  ma. 

messieurs,  pi.  of  monsieur. 

mesure,  f.,  measure ;  a  mesure  que, 
in  proportion  as. 

met,  pres.  ind.  of  mettre. 

Me"tastase,  Metastasio  (1698-1782). 

mettre,  irr.,  to  put;  mettre  habit 
has,  to  take  off  one's  coat;  mettre 
a  Pabri  de,  to  shelter  from,  to  place 
above;  mettre  a  bout  de  res- 
sources,  to  exhaust  the  resources 
of;  se  mettre  a,  to  begin  to;  se 
mettre  en  mouvement,  to  start; 
se  mettre  en  devoir  de,  to  set 
about;  se  mettre  au  lit,  to  go  to 
bed,  to  lie  down. 

mien  (le),  m.,  mine. 

mienne  (la),  f.,  mine. 


mieux,  adv.,  better;  du  mieux  qu'il 

put,  as  well  as  possible. 
milieu,  m.,  middle,  midst. 
mince,  thin, 
minute,  f.,  minute. 
mis,  -e,  p.  part,  of  mettre. 
miserable,  m.,  wretch,  rascal. 
mit,  pret.  of  mettre. 
Mme.,  Mrs. 
modeste,  modest. 
moi,  I,  me,  to  me. 
moins,  less;  le  moins,  the  least, 
mois,  m.,  month. 
moment,  m.,  moment;  d'un  moment 

a  1'autre,  at  any  moment, 
mon,  ma,  my. 
monde,  m.,   world,  people;    tout  le 

monde,  everybody. 
monsieur,  m.,  Mr.,  sir,  gentleman. 
montagne,  f.,  mountain. 
monter,  to  mount,  to  climb,  to  go  up, 

to  step  into,  to  get  into. 
montre,  f.,  watch. 
montrer,  to  show, 
monument,  m.,  monument. 
mot,  m.,  word;  en  un  mot,  in  short. 
mouchoir,  m.,  handkerchief. 
mouette,  f.,  sea  gull, 
mouvement,  m.,  motion;  see  mettre. 
moyen,  -ne,  average, 
moyen,  m.,  means. 
musee,  m.,  museum. 
musique,  f.,  music. 

N 

n'=  ne. 

national,  -e,  national. 

naufrage,  m.,  shipwreck. 

ne,  not;  ne  . .  .  pas,  not;  ne  . . .  pas 
de,  no;  ne  .  .  .  plus,  no  longer,  no 
more;  ne  .  .  .  que,  only;  ne  .  .  . 
aucun,  aucun  ne,  no;  rien  ne,  ne 


88 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


. . .  rien,  nothing;  ne  .  .  .  personne, 
personne  ne,  nobody;  ne  .  .  .  ni 
.  .  .  ni,  neither  .  .  .  nor. 

neanmoins,  however,  yet. 

ne*cessaire  (m.)  de  toilette,  dressing- 
case. 

nez,  m.,  nose. 

ni  .  .  .  ni,  neither  .  .  .  nor. 

niveau,  m.,  level;  see  passage. 

noir,  -e,  black. 

nom,  m.,  name. 

nombreu-x,  -se,  numerous. 

non,  no. 

nos,  pi.  of  notre. 

note,  f.,  bill. 

notre,  our. 

nous,  we,  us,  to  us. 

nouveau,  nouvel,  -le,  new. 

nouvelles,  f.,  news;  see  donner. 

nuit,  f.,  night. 

nul,  -le,  no,  any. 


obligeance,  f.,  kindness. 

obscur,  -e,  dark. 

observer,  to  observe,  to  watch. 

occuper,  to  occupy;  s'occuper  de,  to 
attend  to. 

ocean,  m.,  ocean. 

ceil,  m.,  eye. 

officier,  m.,  officer. 

offrir,  irr.  (like  ouvrir),  to  offer. 

omnibus,  m.,  omnibus;  train  omni- 
bus, slow  train. 

on,  pron.,  one,  they,  people. 

oncle,  m.,  uncle. 

ont,  pres.  ind.  of  avoir. 

onze,  eleven. 

ordinaire  (d*),  usually. 

oreille,  f.,  ear. 

orgueil,  m.,  self-conceit;  see  conce- 
voir. 


OU,  or. 
ou,  where, 
oublier,  to  forget, 
oui,  yes. 

outre  (en),  besides, 
ouvrez,  imper.  of  ouvrir. 
ouvrir,  irr.,  to  open. 
ovale,  oval. 


paille,  f.,  straw. 

palais,  m.,  palace;  palais  de  justice, 
Court  House. 

panorama,  m.,  panorama. 

paquebot,  m.,  steamer. 

par,  by,  out  of,  a. 

paraitre,  irr.  (like  connaitri),  to  ap- 
pear. 

parapluie,  m.,  umbrella. 

pare,  m.,  park. 

parce  que,  because. 

pardon,  m.,  pardon;   excuse  me. 

parent,  m.,  parent,  relative. 

Paris,  m.,  Paris. 

parler,  to  speak,  to  talk. 

parole,  f.,  word. 

part,  pres.  ind.  of  partir. 

parti,  m.,  resolution,  plan. 

partie,  f.,  part. 

partir,  irr.,  to  depart,  to  start,  to  go 
away,  to  leave. 

parvenir,  irr.  (like  venir),  to  succeed. 

parvenu,  -e,  p.  part,  of  parvenir. 

pas,  m.,  step. 

pas,  not;  ne  .  .  .  pas,  not;  ne  .  .  . 
pas  de,  no. 

passage  (m.)  a  niveau,  crossing. 

passager,  m.,  passagere,  f.,  passenger. 

passeport,  m.,  passport. 

passer,  to  pass,  to  spend  ;  se  passer, 
to  go  on,  to  pass,  to  elapse. 

passerelle,  f.,  gang  plank, 


FRENCH-ENGLISH  VOCABULARY 


89 


patrie,  f.,  country,  fatherland. 

pauvre,  poor. 

pauvrete,  f.,  poverty. 

payer,  to  pay. 

pays,  m.,  country,  fatherland. 

paysan,  m.,   paysanne,  f.,  peasant; 

pi.  m.,  country  people. 
pedaler,  to  pedal. 
peine,  f.,  trouble  ;  grand'peine,  great 

trouble  ;  a  peine  .  .  .  que,  scarcely 

.  .  .  when,  no  sooner  .  .  .  than, 
pendant,  during. 
penser,  to  think, 
pensi-f,  -ve,  thoughtful, 
pension  (f.)  bourgeoise,  family  board- 
ing house. 
pente,  f.,  slope, 
perdre,  to  lose  ;    perdre  de  vue,  to 

lose  sight  of. 
pere,  m.,  father;    pe*re  de  famille, 

head  of  a  family. 

permettre,  irr.  (like  mettre),  to  allow, 
personne,  f.,  person, 
personne,  pron.,  nobody,  anybody. 
petit,  -e,  small, 
peu,  adv.,  little  ;  peu  a  peu,  little  by 

little. 

peu,  m.,  little. 
peur,  f.,  fear ;  avoir  peur,  to  be  afraid ; 

de  peur  que,  lest, 
peut,  pres.  ind.  of pouvoir. 
photographic,  f.,  photograph. 
piano,  m.,  piano, 
piece,  f.,  room, 
pied,  m.,  foot;  a  pied,  on  foot;  avoir 

le  pied  marin,  to  have  one's  sea 

legs. 

Pie*mont,  m.,  Piedmont, 
piston,  m.,  pedestrian. 
pistolet,  m.,  pistol. 
place,  f.,  place,  seat  ;   square. 
placer,  to  place,  to  put. 


plaindre  (se),  irr.  (like  craindre),  to 

complain. 

plaint,  pres.  ind.  of  plaindre. 
plaire,  irr.,  to  please  ;   se  plaire,  to 

delight ;     s'il   vous   plait,    if    you 

please. 

plaisait,  imp.  of  plaire. 
plait,  pres.  ind.  of  plaire. 
plan,  m.,  plan. 
planche,  f.,  board. 
plante,  f.,  plant. 
pleurer,  to  weep, 
plus,  more,  most ;    ne  .  .  .  plus,   no 

longer,  no  more  ;  de  plus  en  plus, 

more  and  more. 
plusieurs,  several. 
plutot,  rather. 
poche,  f.,  pocket. 
poete,  m.,  poet. 
poigne"e,  f.,  shake. 
point,  m.,  point ;    etre  sur  le  point 

de,  to  be  about  to  ;    au  point  du 

jour,  at  daybreak. 
poisson,  m.,  fish, 
police,  f.,  police. 
politique,  political. 
pont,  m.,  bridge,  deck. 
port,  m.,  harbor. 
porte,  f.,  door,  gate. 
porte-monnaie,    m.,    purse,    pocket- 
book. 
porter,  to  carry ;    se  porter,  to  be  ; 

se    porter    bien,  to    be    in    good 

health. 

portidre,  f.,  carriage  door. 
poser,  to  ask. 
position,  f.,  position, 
posseder,  to  possess,  to  own. 
possible,  possible. 
poste,  m.,  station. 
poster  (se),  to  place  oneself,  to  take 

one's  stand,  to  lie  in  ambush. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


pour,  in  order  to,  to;    pour  que,  in 

order  that, 
pourquoi,  why. 
pourra,  fut.  of pouvoir. 
pourrait,  cond.  of  pouvoir. 
pouvait,  imp.  ind.  of  pouvoir. 
pouvons,  pres.  ind.  of  pouvoir. 
pouvoir,  irr.,  can,  may,  to  be  able. 
pre,  m.,  meadow, 
precaution,  f.,  precaution, 
preferer,  to  prefer. 
premi-er,  -ere,  first. 
premiere,  f.,  first ;  first-class  ticket. 
prendre,  irr.,  to  take,  to  adopt, 
prenons,  pres.  ind.  of  prendre. 
preparer,  to  prepare ;    se  pre"parer, 

to  get  ready, 
pres  de,  near ;    etre  pres  de,  to  be 

about  to. 
presenter,  to  present,  to  pay  ;  se  pre"- 

senter,  to  present  oneself,  to  arise. 
presque,  almost. 
pret,  -e,  ready. 
preter,  to  lend ;    preter  une  oreille 

attentive   a,   to   listen   attentively 

to. 

pris,  -e,  p.  part,  of  prendre. 
prise,  f.,  capture. 
prison,  f.,  prison. 
prisonnier,  m.,  prisoner, 
privation,  f.,  privation, 
prochain,  -e,  next. 
procurer  (se),  to  get. 
profiter  de,  to  profit  by. 
profond,  -e,  deep, 
projet,  m.,  project,  plan. 
promener  (se),  to  walk, 
promptement,  quickly. 
promptitude,  f.,  speed,  readiness. 
proscription,  f.,  proscription. 
proscrit,  m.,  exile. 
Prusse,  f.,  Prussia. 


pu,  p.  part,  of  pouvoir. 
publier,  to  publish. 
puis,  then. 
put,  pret.  of  pouvoir. 


qu'  =  que. 

quai,  m.,  platform. 

quand,  when  ;  quand  meme,  even  if. 

quart,  m.,  quarter. 

quatorze,  fourteen. 

quatre,  four. 

quatrieme,  fourth. 

que,  adv.,  how,  only. 

que,  conj.,  that,  as,  than,  when. 

que,  pron.,  what,  which,  that,  whom  ; 

qu'est-ce   qui  ?    what  ?    (subject) ; 

qu'est-ce  que  ?  what  ?  (object) . 
quel,  -le,  adj.,  what,  what  a. 
quelconque,  any  .  .  .  whatever, 
quelle,  f.  of  quel. 
quelque,  adj.,  some, 
quelquefois,  sometimes. 
quelques-uns,  pron.,  some, 
quelqu'un,  some  one,  somebody, 
question,  f.,  question, 
qui,  who,  which,  that ;  qui  est-ce  qui  ? 

who  ?  qui  est-ce  que  ?  whom  ? 
quiconque,  whoever. 
quinze,  fifteen. 
quitter,  to  leave. 
quoi,  pron.,  what. 


raconter,  to  relate,  to  tell. 

raison,  f.,  reason;  avoir  raison,  to  be 

right. 

ralentir,  to  slacken, 
ranger,  to  set  in  order, 
rapidement,  quickly,  fast. 
rapidite",  f.,  speed. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


rappeler,  to  recall;  rappeler  au  bon 
souvenir  de,  to  remember  to. 

rapporter,  to  bring  back. 

ravissement,  m.,  rapture. 

rayer,  to  erase. 

recevoir,  irr.,  to  receive. 

re9oit,  pres.  ind.  of  recevoir. 

recommander,  to  recommend. 

recouvrer,  to  get  back. 

regu,  -e,  p.  part,  of  recevoir. 

recueillir,  irr.  (like  cueillir)tio  shelter. 

re"diger,  to  write. 

redire,  irr.  (like  dire],  to  repeat;  see 
dire. 

reflechir,  to  reflect,  to  consider. 

regarder,  to  look,  to  look  at. 

relever,  to  renew. 

remarquer,  to  notice. 

remercier,  to  thank. 

remonter,  to  go  up  again. 

remplir,  to  fill. 

rencontrer,  to  meet. 

rendormir  (se),  irr.  (like  dormir),  to 
fall  asleep  again. 

rendre,  to  render,  to  pronounce;  se 
rendre,  to  betake  oneself. 

renoncer,  to  give  up. 

renseignement,  m.,  information. 

rentrer,  to  return. 

repas,  m.,  meal. 

repondre,  to  answer. 

reposer  (se),  to  rest. 

reprendre,  irr.  (like /r*«</r*),  to  con- 
tinue, to  go  on. 

reprit,  pret.  of  reprendre. 

re"server,  to  reserve,  to  have  in  store. 

respect,  m.,  respect. 

ressource,  f.,  resource. 

restaurant,  m.,  restaurant;  see  wagon. 

restaurer  (se),  to  take  one's  meal. 

rester,  to  remain,  to  be  left. 

resultat,  m.,  result. 


retard  (en),  late. 

retentir,  to  resound. 

retour,  m.,  return;  see  aller. 

retourner,  to  return,  to  go  back. 

retrousser,  to  tuck  up. 

reussir,  to  succeed. 

revenez,  pres.  ind.  and  imper.  of  re- 

venir. 
revenir,  irr.  (like  venir},  to  return,  to 

come  back. 

revenu,  -e,  p.  part,  of  revenir. 
revinrent,  pret.  of  revenir. 
revoir,  irr.  (like  voir),  to  see  again. 
revoir  (au),  good-by. 
revolution,  f.,  revolution, 
rien,  nothing,  anything;  rien  du  tout, 

nothing  at  all. 
riviere,  f.,  river. 
robe,  f.,  dress. 
roman,  m.,  novel. 
Rome,  f.,  Rome. 
Rouen,  f.,  Rouen, 
roulier,  m.,  teamster. 
route,  f.,  road,  journey;  en  route,  on 

the  way. 
rue,  f.,  street, 
ruisseau,  m.,  brook. 

S 

sy  =  se  or  si  before  il  or  ils. 

sa,  f.  of  son. 

sache,  pres.  subj.  of  savoir. 

sain,  -e,  sound;    sain  et  sauf,  safe 

and  sound. 

Saint-Lazare,  Saint-Lazare. 
saisir,  to  seize. 
sait,  pres.  ind.  of  savoir. 
salle,  f.,  hall;  salle  commune,  large 

hall;  salle  d'attente,  waiting  room; 

salle  a  manger,  dining  room;  salle 

des  bagages,  baggage  room. 


92 


FRENCH-ENGLISH  VOCABULARY 


salon,  m.,  parlor. 

sang-froid,  m.,  coolness. 

sans,  without;  sans  cesse,  continually, 

always. 

sante,  f,  health. 
sau-f,  -ve,  safe;  see  sain, 
saura,  fut.  of  savoir. 
sauter,  to  jump, 
sauveur,  m.,  savior, 
savais,  imp.  ind.  of  savoir. 
savent,  pres.  ind.  of  savoir. 
savoir,  irr.,  to  know, 
se,   himself,   to   himself;     herself,    to 

herself;    themselves;    each  other,  to 

each  other,  with  each  other, 
sejour,  m.,  stay. 
sembler,  to  seem. 
sente,  pres.  subj.  of  sentir. 
sentir,  irr.,  to  feel. 
separer,  to  separate, 
sept,  seven, 
sera,  fut.  of  etre. 
serait,  cond.  of  etre. 
seront,  fut.  of  etre. 
serpenter,  to  meander,  to  run. 
serrer,  to  shake. 
sert,  pres.  ind.  of  servir. 
servante,  f.,  maid, 
service,  m.,  service;    de  service,  on 

duty, 
servir,   irr.,   to   serve;    servir  de,  to 

serve  as;   se  servir  de,  to  make  use 

of,  to  use. 
ses,  pi.  of  son. 
seul,  -e,  single, 
seulement,  only, 
si,  adv.,  so. 

si,  conj.,  if,  whether,  suppose, 
siege,  m.,  seat,  box. 
sien  (le),  pron.,  his,  hers,  its. 
signalement,  m.,  description. 
silence,  m.,  silence. 


sirene,  f.,  fog-horn. 

sceur,  f.,  sister. 

soin,  m.,  care ;  avoir  soin,  to  take  care. 

soir,  m.,  evening. 

sois,  imper.  of  etre. 

soixante,  sixty. 

sol,  m.,  soil. 

soldat,  m.,  soldier. 

soleil,  m.,  sur^ 

somme  (en),  on  the  whole. 

sommeil,  m.,  sleep;   avoir  sommeil, 

to  be  sleepy. 

sommes,  pres.  ind.  of  etre. 
son,  sa,  ses,  his,  her,  its. 
sonner,  to  ring, 
sont,  pres.  ind.  of  etre. 
sort,  m.,  destiny, 
sorte,  f.,  sort,  kind. 
sortir,  irr.,  to  go  out. 
souffrance,  f.,  suffering. 
souffrir,  irr.  (like  ouvrir},  to  suffer. 
souhait,  m.,  wish, 
souhaiter,  to  express  the  wish, 
souper,  m.,  supper. 
soupirer,  to  sigh;   soupirer  apres,  to 

long  for. 

sourcil,  m.,  eyebrow, 
soutien,  m.,  support. 
souvenir  (se),  irr.  (like  venir),  to 

remember, 
souvenir,  m.,  remembrance;   see  rap- 

peler. 

souvent,  often. 

souviens.  pres.  ind.  of  se  souvenir. 
spectacle,  m.,  spectacle,  sight, 
splendide,  splendid,  fine. 
station,  f.,  station. 
statue,  f.,  statue. 
steamer,  m.,  steamer. 
store,  m.,  window  blind, 
stupeur,  f.,  astonishment. 
suffire,  irr.,  to  suffice,  to  do. 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


93 


suis,  pres.  ind.  of  etre. 
Suisse,  f.,  Switzerland. 
suivant,  -e,  following. 
sur,  on,  upon,  about, 
surtout,  especially. 
survient,  pres.  ind.  of  survenir. 
survenir,  irr.  (like  venir),  to  come,  to 
arise. 


ta,  fern,  of  ton. 

taille,  f.,  height. 

tant,  so  much,  so  many. 

tante,  f.,  aunt. 

tantot  .  .  .,  tantot  .  .  .,   now  .  .  ., 

now  .  .  . 
tard,  late, 
tarder,  to  delay,  to  be  long  (in) ;  ne 

pas  tarder  a,  (to  do  something) 

soon. 

tatons :  see  diriger. 
te,  thee,  to  thee. 
teint,  m.  complexion. 
tel,  -le,  such. 

te"le*graphier,  to  telegraph, 
telle,  f.  of  tel. 
tellement,  so,  so  much, 
tempete,  f.,  storm. 
temps,  m.,  time,  weather;  de  temps 

a  autre,  from  time  to  time, 
tenir,  irr.,  to  hold;  tenir  SvciHe",  to 

keep  awake. 
terme,  m.,  termination, 
terminer,  to  end. 
terre,  f.,  land,  estate. 
terrible,  terrible. 
terriblement,  violently. 
theatre,  m.,  theater. 
tirer,  to  take  out,  to   fire;   se  tirer 

d'affaire,  to  get  along. 
toilette,  f.,  toilet ;  see  necessaire. 
ton,  ta,  tes,  thy. 


tort,  m.,  wrong ;  avoir  tort,  to  be 
wrong. 

tou jours,  always. 

tourmente,  f.,  storm. 

tourner,  to  turn. 

tous,  pi.  of  tout. 

tout,  -e,  all,  every,  whole;  a  toute 
vole*e,  loud;  tous  les  jours,  every 
day;  tout  le  monde,  everybody; 
tous  deux,  both. 

tout,  pron.,  everything,  all. 

tout,  adv.,  all,  quite;  tout  a  coup, 
suddenly;  du  tout,  at  all;  tout  en, 
while;  tout  de  suite,  at  once. 

traduire,  irr.  (like  conduire),to  trans- 
late. 

traduisait,  imp.  ind.  of  traduire. 

train,  m.,  train;  train  omnibus,  slow 
train. 

traitement,  m.,  salary. 

tranquille,  quiet;  etre  tranquille,  to 
set  one's  mlfid  at  ease. 

transatlantique,  Transatlantic. 

travail,  m.,  work. 

travailler,  to  work. 

travaux,  pi.  of  travail. 

travers  (a),  across,  through. 

traverse* e,  f.,  passage. 

traverser,  to  cross,  to  pass  through. 

trente,  thirty. 

tres,  very. 

triste,  sad. 

trois,  three. 

trop,  too,  too  much. 

troupeau,  m.,  flock. 

trouver,  to  find;  se  trouver,  to  happen 
to  be. 

tu,  thou. 

tue-tete  (a),  as  loud  as  one  can. 

tumulte,  m.,  confusion. 

tunnel,  m.,  tunnel. 

Turin,  m.,  Turin. 


94 


FRENCH-ENGLISH   VOCABULARY 


un,  -e,  art.,  a. 

un,  -e,  adj.,  one;   Pun,  pron.,  one. 

une,  f.  of  un. 

uni,  -e,  united;  see  Etats. 

utile,  useful. 

utilite,  f.,  usefulness. 


va,  pres.  ind.  of  aller. 

vague,  f.,  wave. 

valise,  f.,  valise. 

valle"e,  f.,  valley. 

vapeur,  f.,  steam;    a  toute  vapeur, 

at  full  speed;    bateau  a  vapeur, 

steamer, 
vaste,  large. 

venait,  imp.  ind.  of  venir. 
vendre,  to  sell. 
venir,  irr.,  to  come;  venir  de,  to  have 

just;  venir  en  aide,  to  help, 
venu,  -e,  p.  part,  of  venir. 
verra,  fut.  of  voir. 
verre,  m.,  glass;  le  verre  a  la  main, 

by  having  a  drink, 
vers,  toward. 
vet,  pres.  ind.  of  vetir. 
vetements,  m.  pi.,  clothes, 
vetir,  irr.,  to  dress. 
veuillez,  imper.  of  vouloir. 
veulent,  pres.  ind.  of  vouloir. 
veut,  pres.  ind.  of  vouloir. 
veux,  pres.  ind.  of  vouloir. 
viens,  pres.  ind.  of  venir. 
vient,  pres.  ind.  of  venir. 
vigoureu-x,  -se,  vigorous, 
village,  m.,  village. 
ville,  f.,  city, 
vingt,  twenty, 
vint,  pret.  of  venir. 
virent,  pret.  of  voir. 
vis,  piet.  of  voir. 


visage,  m.,  face. 

visite,  f.,  inspection. 

visiter,  to  visit. 

voici,  here  is  or  here  are. 

voie,  f.,  track. 

voila,  there  is  or  there  are. 

voile,  f.,  sail;  see  bateau. 

voir,  irr.,  to  see. 

voisin,  -e,  neighboring,  next. 

voisin,  m.,  voisine,  f.,  neighbor. 

voisinage,  m.,  neighborhood. 

voit,  pres.  ind.  of  voir. 

voiture,  f.,  carriage;  en  voiture,  in  a 

carriage ;  en  voiture  !  all  aboard ! 
voiturier,  m.,  teamster, 
voix,  f.,  voice. 
vole"e  (a  toute),  loud. 
vos,  pi.  of  votre. 
votre,  your, 
votre  (le),  yours, 
vouloir,  irr.,  to  wish,  to  want. 
vous,  you,  to  you,  yourself. 
voyage,    m.,     travel,     trip,    journey, 

passage. 

voyager,  to  travel. 
voyageur,  m.,  voyageuse,  f.,  traveler, 

passenger,  guest. 
voyant,  pres.  part,  of  voir. 
vu,  prep.,  on  account  of. 
vue,  f.,  sight. 

W 

wagon,  m.,  car;    wagon -restaurant, 
dining  car;   wagon-lit,  sleeping  car. 


y,  adv.,  there;  il  y  a,  there  is,  there 
are,  ago;  y  a-t-il?  is  there?  are 
there? 

y,  pron.,  in  it. 

yeux,  pi.  of  ceil. 


Modern   French  Texts 


Comprising  Selected  Stories  and  Readings,  carefully 
edited  and  accompanied  by  adequate  explanatory  notes 
and  vocabularies.  They  are  designed  to  be  used  in  con- 
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Mairet's   La  Tache  du   Petit  Pierre 

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This  charming  story  appeared  in   1887,  and  its  immediate  success 

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Nodier's   Le  Chien  du   Brisquet,  and  Other  Stories 

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L'Abbe  Constantin 

A  Comedy  in   Three  Acts   by  HECTOR   CREMIEUX  and   PIERRE 
DECOURCELLE.    Adapted  from  the  romance  of  Ludovic  Halevy. 
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Douze  Contes  Nouveaux 

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Arene. 

Racine's   lphige*nie 

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